Pre-Chamber Combustion System Resolving Gas Dilution
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Solution Overview
Problem
Pre-chamber combustion systems face inefficiencies due to residual burned gases diluting the air/fuel mixture and limited enhancement of ignitibility and burn rate during stoichiometric conditions, leading to decreased combustion efficiency and increased emissions.
Innovation Solution
A hybrid pre-chamber system is designed with a connecting passage fluidly coupling a fuel injector to the pre-chamber outside the primary combustion chamber, allowing direct air and fuel flow into the pre-chamber without entering the primary chamber, and featuring a piston shape that promotes air and fuel flow into the pre-chamber, reducing packaging size and manufacturing costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a pre-chamber ignition system is used to improve combustion efficiency, then ignitibility and burn rate are enhanced, but residual burned gases dwell in the pre-chamber diluting the air/fuel mixture and decreasing combustion efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful residual burned gases from the pre-chamber by providing a dedicated exhaust passage that directly vents these gases from the pre-chamber to the exhaust system, preventing them from mixing with and diluting the fresh air/fuel mixture in subsequent combustion cycles. This separation removes the harmful factor while preserving the beneficial pre-chamber ignition function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the pre-chamber system into distinct functional zones: an intake passage for fresh air/fuel mixture, a combustion zone with ignition device, and a separate exhaust passage for residual gases. This segmentation allows independent control and optimization of each function, ensuring that residual gases are efficiently removed without interfering with the ignition process.
2Productivity
If a pre-chamber system with separate fuel injector is used to enhance ignitibility, then combustion efficiency improves during limited engine operation window, but packaging size and manufacturing complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the single fuel injector multi-functional by configuring it to serve both the primary combustion chamber and the pre-chamber through a shared fuel delivery system. The injector can direct fuel to different locations or the pre-chamber can be configured to receive fuel indirectly through the combustion chamber, eliminating the need for a separate pre-chamber fuel injector and reducing overall packaging size.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the fuel injection functions into a single integrated system where one fuel injector serves dual purposes. The fuel delivery infrastructure is combined, and the pre-chamber is configured to utilize fuel from the same source as the primary combustion chamber, thereby reducing the number of components and simplifying the overall packaging arrangement.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances combustion efficiency by purging residual gases and improving ignitibility, leading to more evenly distributed ignition and reduced emissions across a broader range of engine operation conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a connecting passage fluidly coupling a fuel injector to the pre-chamber outside of the primary combustion chamber
Implementation Method 2
a piston shape that promotes air and fuel flow into the pre-chamber
Implementation Method 3
combustion unfolds in the following sequence; (i) a small amount of fuel is directly injected into the pre-chamber, (ii) spark is provided to the air/fuel mixture in the pre-chamber
Implementation Method 4
the hot gas jets into the main combustion chamber to ignite the charge disposed therein
Data Source
AI summary
Systems are provided for a pre-chamber. In one example, a pre-chamber comprises a passage outside of a primary combustion chamber for flowing fuel directly from a fuel injector to an interior volume of the pre-chamber.