Precessional Bone Drill for Cooling and Bone Chip Harvesting

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional bone drilling tools are inefficient in creating osteotomies and collecting bone fragments for autografts, as they often block irrigation, cause overheating, and are not designed for simultaneous drilling and harvesting, leading to complications such as donor site pain and contamination risks.

Innovation Solution

The development of precessional-motion drilling tools with offset centers of mass, which generate mechanical waves to create wider cutting envelopes and improve flexibility, allowing for efficient osteotomy preparation and bone fragment collection while maintaining clear surgical access and cooling the bone substrate.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If traditional bone drilling tools are used, then drilling function is provided, but irrigation is blocked and thermal necrosis occurs

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebone substrate temperatureVSAvoidirrigation function

Core Design Contradiction:

TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The drill body is segmented into multiple longitudinal channels that allow irrigation fluid to flow through the drilling tool, preventing blockage and enabling continuous cooling of the bone substrate during the osteotomy procedure

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Irrigation fluid acts as an intermediary substance that flows through the drill channels, transferring heat away from the bone-substrate interface and preventing thermal necrosis while maintaining clear surgical access

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Productivity

If traditional drilling tools are used, then osteotomy is created, but bone fragment collection is inefficient

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebone fragment collection efficiencyVSAvoiddrilling tool design

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The drilling function and bone fragment collection function are merged into a single integrated tool, where the same drill that creates the osteotomy also captures bone fragments through its channels, eliminating the need for separate harvesting procedures

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The drilling tool is designed with multi-functionality, serving both as a cutting instrument for osteotomy and as a collection device for bone fragments, allowing simultaneous performance of multiple surgical tasks

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Temperature

If pressurized irrigation is applied, then cooling effect is achieved, but bone fragment recovery becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebone substrate coolingVSAvoidbone fragment recovery

Core Design Contradiction:

TemperatureVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The drill channels serve as an intermediary pathway that allows pressurized irrigation fluid to reach the bone-substrate interface for cooling while simultaneously guiding bone fragments toward the collection site, resolving the conflict between cooling efficiency and fragment recovery

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Productivity

If offset center of mass design is implemented, then precessional motion and cutting envelope are improved, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveosteotomy efficiencyVSAvoiddrill body fabrication

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The drill body is designed with asymmetric mass distribution, positioning the center of mass offset from the rotational axis to generate precessional motion and enlarge the cutting envelope, improving osteotomy efficiency through a single asymmetric design modification

Inventive Principle:

Principle #4Asymmetry

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The precessional-motion drilling tools enhance osteotomy efficiency, reduce thermal necrosis risks, and facilitate effective bone fragment collection for autografts, improving surgical safety and outcomes by maintaining a clear operative field and reducing complications.

Implementation Method 1

precessional-motion drilling tools with offset centers of mass, which generate mechanical waves to create wider cutting envelopes and improve flexibility

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPrecessional motion: Precession

Implementation Method 2

maintaining a clear surgical access and cooling the bone substrate... reduce thermal necrosis risks

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectThermal cooling: Cooling

Data Source

PatentEP3590445B1Precessional-motion drilling tool

Publication Date: 2022.11.16 SCIANAMBLO MICHAEL J

Figure 1~2B
Figure 2C~2D
Figure 3C~3E

AI summary

This document provides orthopedic and dental devices and methods for their use. For example, novel bone drills and dental drills are described. The bone and dental drills have at least some centers of mass that are offset from the drills' axis of rotation. Accordingly, the bone and dental drills may rotate and cut using a precessional pattern of motion. The design facilitates bone cutting, chip formation and hauling capacity, irrigation and bone harvesting. In some embodiments, the bone chips are collected in a removable apparatus fixed to the distal portion of the drill, and the collected bone chips can be used for bone grafting.