Precoding Over Beam Subset for NLoS Channels

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Solution Overview

Problem

Massive beamforming in non-line-of-sight (NLoS) channels faces challenges such as reduced beamforming gain due to large angular spread and excessive feedback overhead, particularly in systems with large antenna arrays.

Innovation Solution

A method for precoding over a beam subset, where a network node exchanges reference signal information with a wireless device to determine a proper subset of transmission beams and calculates precoding weights, reducing the number of transmission beams while maintaining high beamforming gain and minimizing feedback overhead.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional beamforming is used in NLoS channels with large antenna arrays, then beamforming gain is reduced due to large angular spread, but using MRT precoding requires excessive feedback overhead

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeamforming gainVSAvoidfeedback overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the full set of antenna elements into multiple beam groups, where each beam group corresponds to a subset of antenna elements. This segmentation allows the system to perform precoding on a reduced basis set of beams rather than all antenna elements, thereby reducing feedback overhead while maintaining beamforming gain through coherent combination of selected beams.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts and utilizes only the dominant beam components from the channel response by identifying the strongest beams through reference signal measurements. By taking out only the essential beam information needed for precoding rather than requiring full channel state information, the system achieves effective beamforming with significantly reduced feedback requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Reliability

If full-dimensional digital beamforming is used to achieve high beamforming gain, then communication performance is improved, but baseband and radio resource requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeamforming gainVSAvoidbaseband and radio resource requirements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the large antenna array into multiple beam groups, each handled by a separate precoding operation. This segmentation reduces the computational complexity at the baseband by working with smaller subsets of antenna elements independently, while the radio resources are optimized by transmitting reference signals only for the selected beam groups rather than all antenna elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies partial action by using only a subset of beams (rather than all antenna elements) for precoding. This partial approach achieves sufficient beamforming gain for practical communication scenarios without requiring the full computational and resource investment of complete digital beamforming across all antenna elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP3350940B1Precoding over a beam subset
Publication Date: 2020.11.04 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP3350940B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~2b
  • EP3350940B1 patent drawingFigure 3~6
  • EP3350940B1 patent drawingFigure 5

AI summary

There is provided mechanisms for precoding over a beam subset. A method is performed by a network node. The method comprises exchanging reference signal information (S102) for a set of transmission beams or set of antenna ports with a wireless device. The method comprises acquiring (S104), based on the reference signal information, information regarding which proper subset of transmission beams from the set of transmission beams to use for communication with the wireless device. The method comprises determining precoding weights (S106) for the proper subset of transmission beams or antenna ports based on the reference signal information.