Precoding Feedback Reduction via Codebook Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional codebook-based precoding techniques are poorly suited for multi-point transmission scenarios in wireless communications networks, leading to a large signaling load due to varying path losses between mobile stations and multiple transmitter sites, which consumes system resources and increases feedback bits required.

Innovation Solution

The proposed solution involves specifying a precoding vector as a two-step process, where a codebook is selected based on path loss conditions using log2(Q) bits and an index to the desired precoding vector within the codebook is specified using log2(L) bits, with updates to the codebook occurring at a slower rate than the precoding vector, reducing the overall feedback bits needed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional codebook-based precoding techniques are used for multi-point transmission, then the system can support multiple transmitter sites, but the signaling load increases due to varying path losses between mobile stations and multiple transmitter sites

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemulti-point transmission supportVSAvoidsignaling load
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The precoding vector specification is segmented into two independent parts: a codebook index indicating the codebook to use, and a vector index indicating the specific precoding vector within that codebook. This segmentation allows the system to support multi-point transmission by selecting appropriate codebooks for different path loss scenarios while maintaining efficient signaling through compact indexing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Adaptability or versatility

If a single precoding vector is specified from all possible precoding vectors, then the system can adapt to channel conditions, but the number of feedback bits increases due to the large number of possible codebook combinations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel adaptationVSAvoidfeedback bits
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The feedback mechanism is segmented into two independent indices: a codebook index that identifies which codebook to use, and a vector index that identifies the specific precoding vector within that codebook. This reduces the total feedback bits compared to specifying a single precoding vector from all possible vectors across multiple codebooks, because the vector index only needs to cover vectors within one codebook rather than all vectors across all codebooks.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary action by pre-defining multiple codebooks with different structures optimized for different path loss scenarios. The mobile station measures path losses and selects the appropriate codebook before selecting the specific precoding vector, which streamlines the feedback process and reduces the number of bits needed to convey the precoding information.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Productivity

If codebook updates occur at the same rate as precoding vector updates, then the system can respond to changing conditions, but the signaling overhead increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresponse to channel changesVSAvoidsignaling overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary action by establishing multiple pre-defined codebooks that cover different path loss scenarios. The mobile station measures path losses and selects the appropriate codebook, which then remains valid for a period. During this period, only the vector index within the selected codebook needs to be updated frequently to track fast fading, while the codebook itself changes only when path loss conditions change significantly. This separation allows differential update rates that reduce overall signaling overhead.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP2377281B1Precoding with reduced feedback for coordinated multipoint transmission on the downlink
Publication Date: 2013.02.13 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP2377281B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2377281B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2377281B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Techniques for reducing the number of bits needed to specify the best precoding vector for each mobile station in a wireless communication network that employs multi-point transmission are disclosed. An exemplary method begins with the estimation of path loss between a mobile station and each of a plurality of geographically separated transmitter sites, each transmitter site having at least one transmitter antenna. Based on the estimated path losses, one of a plurality of pre-determined subsets (codebooks) of a pre-determined set of antenna precoding vectors is selected. A group index identifying the selected subset is then transmitted to the mobile station. Subsequently, a vector index is received from the mobile station, the vector index corresponding to a precoding vector in the selected subset, and data is transmitted to the mobile station, using the precoding vector applied to the transmitter antennas at the plurality of transmitter sites.