Precoding Matrix Formulation for Near- and Far-Field Beamforming
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing communication technologies face challenges in determining precoding matrices that are suitable for both near-field and far-field transmissions, particularly in managing beamforming across different antenna configurations, which affects signal transmission and reception efficiency.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves determining a precoding matrix based on a vector with elements defined by a first and second parameter, where the second parameter is independent of the antenna configuration, allowing flexible switching between near-field and far-field communications and reducing signaling overhead.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a precoding matrix is determined based on antenna configuration parameters, then the precoding accuracy for specific antenna setups is improved, but the adaptability to different communication scenarios (near-field and far-field) deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameters used to define the precoding matrix from antenna configuration-specific parameters to parameters based on signal wavelength and array geometry. By using the wavelength λ and array element spacing d as fundamental parameters, the precoding matrix can be adapted to different communication scenarios (near-field and far-field) without being constrained by specific antenna configurations, thus resolving the contradiction between precoding accuracy and adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal precoding matrix formulation that can serve multiple communication scenarios. The precoding matrix w(n) = exp(-j2πna) where a is derived from wavelength and array geometry, functions effectively for both near-field and far-field transmissions. This universal approach eliminates the need for separate precoding matrices for different scenarios, achieving multi-functionality while maintaining precision.
2Measurement precision
If detailed antenna configuration information is included in signaling, then the precision of precoding matrix determination is improved, but the signaling overhead increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential parameters needed for precoding matrix determination from the complete antenna configuration information. Instead of signaling detailed antenna configurations, the system extracts and signals only the wavelength λ and array element spacing d, which are sufficient to compute the precoding matrix. This extraction approach maintains precision while significantly reducing signaling overhead.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the set of parameters that need to be signaled from detailed antenna configuration parameters to simplified physical parameters (wavelength and array spacing). By transforming the problem into one that uses fundamental physical parameters rather than complex configuration details, the system achieves the same precoding precision with much reduced signaling requirements.
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, apparatus, and systems that relate to determination of the precoding matrix are disclosed. In one example aspect, a method for digital communication includes determining, by a first communication node, a precoding matrix that is based on a first vector having N1 elements. An element of the first vector is based on a first product of n and a first parameter, and a second product of n2 and a second parameter. n is an integer that corresponds to an index of the element of the first vector and N1 is a positive integer. The method also includes, by the first communication node, an indicator to a second communication node indicating the precoding matrix. The indicator includes information of at least one of the first parameter or the second parameter.