3D Beamforming Precoding Matrix Segmentation for Vertical Optimization

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing codebook designed for horizontal beam-forming/pre-coding in LTE systems degrades performance when directly applied to 3D beam-forming/pre-coding due to its inability to optimize vertical beam adjustments, which are crucial for improved spectrum efficiency in wireless communications.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that involve determining a pre-coding matrix by transmitting a first and second pre-coding indicator, where the pre-coding matrix is composed of a block diagonal matrix with sub-matrices as Kronecker products of diagonal matrices and beam-rotating vectors, allowing for better matching of 3D beam-forming channels and enhancing performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If the existing codebook designed for horizontal beam-forming is directly applied to 3D beam-forming, then the device complexity is reduced, but the system performance and spectrum efficiency deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecodebook structureVSAvoidsystem performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The codebook is segmented into two independent components: a first codebook for horizontal beamforming and a second codebook for vertical beamforming. This segmentation allows each codebook to be optimized for its specific dimension, improving overall system performance while maintaining manageable complexity through modular structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The invention extends the traditional horizontal beamforming codebook by introducing a vertical dimension through a second codebook. This dimensionality change enables 3D beamforming capability, where the overall precoding matrix is formed by combining horizontal and vertical components, thereby improving spectrum efficiency without excessive complexity increase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Ease of operation

If a common vertical down tilt angle is used for every UE, then the ease of operation is improved, but the spectrum efficiency and system performance worsen

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam configurationVSAvoidspectrum efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The vertical beamforming parameter is made dynamic and UE-specific through the second codebook. Instead of a fixed common tilt angle, each UE can be assigned a tailored vertical beamforming vector from the second codebook based on its channel characteristics, thereby optimizing spectrum efficiency while maintaining operational simplicity through automated selection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The vertical tilt angle parameter is transformed from a fixed common value to a variable UE-specific parameter. By introducing a second codebook with multiple vertical beamforming vectors, the system can adapt the vertical beam parameters to match different UE positions and channel conditions, improving productivity without sacrificing ease of operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If the existing horizontal beam-forming codebook is used for 3D beam-forming, then the ease of manufacture is improved, but the measurement precision of channel state information worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecodebook implementationVSAvoidchannel state information
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The channel state information measurement is segmented into horizontal and vertical components, each measured and quantized using its dedicated codebook. This segmentation allows precise measurement of 3D channel characteristics while maintaining ease of implementation through modular codebook structures that can be independently designed and optimized.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The channel state information measurement is extended from 2D horizontal to 3D by incorporating vertical dimension through the second codebook. This dimensionality change enables precise measurement of vertical channel variations, improving measurement precision while maintaining ease of manufacture through the use of structured codebook-based quantization methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Data Source

PatentEP2913949B1Method, system and device for transmitting pre-coded indication information and determining pre-coding matrix
Publication Date: 2019.03.13 CHINA ACAD OF TELECOMM TECH
  • EP2913949B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3A
  • EP2913949B1 patent drawingFigure 3B~5
  • EP2913949B1 patent drawingFigure 6~8

AI summary

An embodiment of the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communications, in particular to a method, system and device for transmitting pre-coded indication information and determining a pre-coding matrix. In the prior art, the existing codebook is designed for horizontal beamforming/pre-coding, and will reduce the performance thereof if directly applied in three-dimensional beamforming/pre-coding technique. The present application solves the problem. The method in the embodiment of the present application comprises: a user equipment (UE) determines and transmits first pre-coded indication information and second pre-coding indication information, the pre-coding matrix being equal to the function matrix of a first component pre-coding matrix and a second component pre-coding matrix, a sub-matrix on the diagonal of the first component pre-coding matrix being the Kronecker product of two diagonal matrixes, the second component pre-coding matrix being formed by a beam rotation vector equaling to the Kronecker product of two vectors. The embodiment of the present application improves the performance of the three-dimensional beamforming/pre-coding technique.