Liquid Precursor Evaporator for Stable CVD Mass Flow Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing chemical vapor deposition methods face challenges in controlling precursor flow due to sensitivity to pressure, temperature, and gas flow fluctuations, particularly in small-scale pharmaceutical container coating applications, leading to inconsistent deposition results.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a liquid reservoir with a metering device to control the mass flow of a first process gas component into an evaporator, allowing precise regulation of the gas phase component flow into a reactor, where it can be further processed using energy sources like electromagnetic fields to create reactive zones for deposition, enabling precise control of layer deposition on workpieces.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If a bubbler system is used for precursor delivery, then the system is simple in structure, but the precursor flow control is unstable due to sensitivity to pressure, temperature and gas flow fluctuations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecursor flow control stabilityVSAvoidsystem structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the state parameter of the precursor from liquid to gas phase by using an evaporator, which fundamentally alters how the precursor is delivered and controlled in the CVD system, eliminating the sensitivity issues of bubbler systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the mechanical bubbler system with a heated evaporator system that uses thermal energy to vaporize the precursor, substituting a thermally-driven process for a mechanically-driven gas bubbling process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Productivity

If flash evaporation with pressure reduction is used, then evaporation efficiency is improved, but the process becomes highly sensitive to pressure fluctuations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveevaporation efficiencyVSAvoidprocess stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the evaporation mechanism from pressure-driven flash evaporation to thermally-driven evaporation by maintaining constant pressure and using heated zones, which improves process stability while maintaining efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a heated trap or cold trap positioned between the evaporator and reactor to compensate for potential pressure fluctuations and ensure stable precursor delivery to the reactor, cushioning against disturbances

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

3Measurement precision

If precise mass flow control is implemented for liquid precursors, then dosing accuracy is improved, but the system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemass flow dosing accuracyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces complex liquid flow metering and control systems with a simpler thermal evaporation system where mass flow is controlled by regulating heater power and temperature, which is inherently more precise and easier to control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention implements feedback control by monitoring the actual mass flow or deposition rate and adjusting the heater power or evaporator temperature accordingly, enabling precise control without complex mechanical metering devices

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for highly precise and reproducible control of mass flow, resulting in layers with low light scattering and consistent properties, suitable for small-scale pharmaceutical containers and various deposition processes, including plasma-assisted CVD, with improved cost-effectiveness compared to traditional bubbler systems.

Implementation Method 1

A liquid reservoir with a liquid first process gas component is provided, and the liquid process gas component is fed into an evaporator (2) via a metering device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMetering:

Implementation Method 2

the liquid first process gas component (34) being evaporated in the evaporator and transferred into the gas phase

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

a plasma is ignited in the evacuated area of the reactor filled with the first process gas component by means of an electromagnetic field

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma: Plasma

Implementation Method 4

a reactor (20) is evacuated by means of a pump

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVacuum: Vacuum

Implementation Method 5

a coating being deposited on the workpiece with the reaction products of the first process gas component forming in the reactive zone

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical Vapour Deposition: Chemical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentEP2072149B1Method for manufacturing process gases for vapour deposition
Publication Date: 2013.11.20 SCHOTT AG
  • EP2072149B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2072149B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2072149B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for producing layers on workpieces (30), in which at least one component for producing the layer is dosed, wherein this component is in a liquid phase during the dosing and is at least partially converted into another state of matter in a subsequent process step.