High-Voltage Battery SoC Window Control for Aging and Range
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-voltage battery systems in vehicles face a conflict between minimizing aging and keeping the battery size small for cost reasons, as the static restriction of the state of charge (SoC) window is highly restrictive and requires external intervention from the driver.
Innovation Solution
A method is proposed where the SoC window is dynamically determined based on predictive estimation of the actually required battery capacity between two charging processes, optimizing the aging state of the battery without compromising comfort or flexibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If the state of charge (SoC) window is restricted to optimize battery aging, then the battery service life is extended, but the achievable vehicle range is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a dynamic SoC window adjustment mechanism that adapts the charge range based on predicted driving needs. Instead of using a fixed SoC window for battery protection, the system predictively determines the required capacity for upcoming tasks and dynamically adjusts the SoC window boundaries. This allows the battery to operate within optimized ranges for aging when possible, while expanding the range when necessary for specific driving tasks, thus resolving the contradiction between battery life extension and vehicle range availability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary prediction of driving tasks and energy requirements before the actual driving occurs. By using historical data, route information, and task requirements to forecast energy consumption in advance, the system can proactively adjust the SoC window to ensure both battery protection and sufficient range for predicted tasks. This preliminary action allows optimal battery operation without compromising future driving needs.
2Duration of action of stationary object
If a static SoC window is used to protect the battery, then the battery aging is minimized, but the flexibility and adaptability of the system is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the static SoC window into a dynamic parameter that automatically adapts to different operating conditions. The system continuously monitors driving patterns, task requirements, and battery status to adjust the SoC window boundaries in real-time. This dynamic approach maintains battery protection benefits while providing the flexibility needed for varying driving scenarios, eliminating the need for manual driver intervention or fixed conservative settings.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements self-service functionality by automatically determining the appropriate SoC window based on predicted driving needs without requiring external driver input. The charge/discharge controller autonomously analyzes task requirements, calculates energy consumption, and adjusts battery operating parameters accordingly. This self-adjusting mechanism provides both battery protection and operational flexibility without placing the burden of optimization on the driver.
3Length of moving object
If the battery capacity is increased to provide sufficient range, then the vehicle range is extended, but the cost and size of the battery system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies partial action by charging the battery only to the extent necessary for predicted driving tasks rather than consistently charging to maximum capacity. The system calculates the minimum required charge based on upcoming tasks and charges the battery accordingly, avoiding unnecessary charging that would increase battery size requirements. This approach allows smaller battery systems to provide sufficient effective range by optimizing charge utilization through predictive control.
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for charging/discharging a high-voltage battery system (5), wherein different usable capacities of the battery (5) can be set by selecting different state-of-charge (SoC) windows. In the method, at least one parameter is determined in a process preceding charging, which predicts the usable capacity (Ktarget) of the battery required until the next charge. This parameter is converted into a required usable capacity (Ktarget), from which a target SoC window (SoC-Ftarget) optimizing the battery's state of aging is determined. This is done such that the target SoC window (SoC-Ftarget) is smaller than and within the maximum permissible SoC window (SoC-Fmax). The target SoC window (SoC-Ftarget) is set, and the battery (5) is charged within the range defined by the target SoC window (SoC-Ftarget).The battery (5) is discharged within the range specified by the target SoC window (SoC-Fsoll).