Predictive Vehicle Motion Control for Rear-End Collision Risk
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rear-end collisions between vehicles pose a significant safety risk, and existing Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) may not adequately prevent or mitigate these collisions due to the striking vehicle's inability to evade in time.
Innovation Solution
A computer system equipped with processing circuitry in a vehicle estimates the risk of collision based on sensor data, triggering safety actions such as adjusting the vehicle's motion, actuating exterior airbags, or providing alerts to avoid or mitigate collisions by controlling lateral and longitudinal speed, applying yaw moments, and actuating airbags to minimize impact forces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the striking vehicle employs Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) with Collision Avoidance Systems (CAS) to warn or automatically control steering or braking, then the driver is warned or the steering/braking is automatically controlled to evade collision, but collisions may still occur due to the striking vehicle not being able to evade in time
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by predicting future collision risk before a collision actually occurs. The processing circuitry estimates collision risk based on sensor data from multiple sources (radar, camera, LIDAR) and triggers safety actions in advance, allowing the vehicle to prepare and execute evasion maneuvers before the critical moment arrives, thus resolving the time deficiency in traditional CAS systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the safety action based on real-time sensor data and predicted collision scenarios. The processing circuitry continuously monitors the second vehicle's motion and adapts the first vehicle's response by adjusting lateral and longitudinal speed, acceleration, and yaw moment applications dynamically, enabling optimal real-time evasion rather than fixed pre-programmed responses.
2Reliability
If the first vehicle adjusts its motion by changing lateral and longitudinal speed and acceleration to avoid collision, then the collision is avoided or impact is reduced, but the vehicle requires precise and coordinated control of multiple motion parameters
Solution Approach 1:
The processing circuitry serves multiple functions simultaneously: it detects the second vehicle, predicts collision risk, determines optimal evasion maneuvers, and controls multiple actuators (steering, braking, acceleration) through a single integrated system. This multi-functional approach reduces overall system complexity compared to having separate dedicated systems for each function while maintaining high collision avoidance effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes multiple motion parameters (lateral speed, longitudinal speed, acceleration, yaw moment) in a coordinated manner to achieve collision avoidance. The processing circuitry calculates the optimal combination of these parameter changes based on the predicted collision scenario and executes them simultaneously, allowing complex maneuvers to be achieved through coordinated parameter adjustment rather than complex mechanical systems.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If the first vehicle actuates exterior airbags to reduce impact forces on passengers during a collision, then the forces applied to driver or passenger are significantly reduced, but the airbags require precise timing and force control to be effective
Solution Approach 1:
The system actuates the airbags in advance based on predicted collision risk before the actual collision occurs. The processing circuitry determines the optimal timing for airbag deployment by predicting the collision trajectory and timing, allowing the airbags to be ready and activated at the precise moment needed to protect passengers, eliminating the need for last-millisecond reaction timing.
4Adaptability or versatility
If the processing circuitry triggers safety actions based on the motion of the second vehicle, then the first vehicle adapts its motion to avoid or reduce impact of collision, but the system requires continuous monitoring and real-time estimation of the second vehicle's motion
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary estimation of the second vehicle's motion and collision risk before a collision actually occurs. By continuously predicting future positions and trajectories based on current sensor data, the processing circuitry prepares safety actions in advance, reducing the need for high-speed real-time reaction to every change in the second vehicle's motion while maintaining continuous adaptability.
Data Source
AI summary
A computer system has processing circuitry to handle a first vehicle. The first vehicle is travelling in a longitudinal travel direction on a road. The processing circuitry is configured to obtain from a sensor, sensor data of a motion of a second vehicle travelling towards the first vehicle in the longitudinal travel direction, and based on the sensor data, estimate a risk of collision between the first vehicle and the second vehicle. When the estimated risk of collision is within a first predefined interval, the processing circuitry is configured to trigger a safety action to be performed by the first vehicle based on the motion of the second vehicle. The safety action includes adjusting a motion of the first vehicle and/or actuating airbags of the first vehicle.