Predictive SCR Dosing for Engine Emission and Fuel Trade-off
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for reducing pollutant emissions in internal combustion engines do not effectively achieve a balance between low emissions and low fuel consumption, particularly in real-time operational conditions, leading to suboptimal performance in minimizing nitrogen oxide, particulate, and hydrocarbon emissions.
Innovation Solution
A method that utilizes predictive data to adjust operating parameters of an internal combustion engine's exhaust gas system, including nitrogen oxide storage catalysts and SCR catalysts, to optimize reductant dosing and regeneration timing, ensuring that emissions and fuel consumption are kept below threshold values by calculating target reductant filling levels and scheduling regeneration based on future driving conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If reductant is dosed to maintain low nitrogen oxide emissions, then nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced, but fuel consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary action by predicting future driving conditions and proactively adjusting the reductant filling level of the SCR catalyst before the actual driving phase occurs. This allows the engine to operate in an emission-optimized state during upcoming phases without requiring excessive reductant dosing, thereby reducing overall fuel consumption while maintaining low nitrogen oxide emissions.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the reductant filling level based on predicted driving phases rather than using a static dosing strategy. The electronic computing device continuously modifies operating parameters including reductant injection timing and quantity according to real-time conditions and future predictions, optimizing the balance between nitrogen oxide reduction and fuel consumption for each specific driving phase.
2Reliability
If regeneration of nitrogen oxide storage catalyst is performed frequently, then nitrogen oxide storage capacity is maintained, but fuel consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system predicts future driving conditions to determine the optimal timing for nitrogen oxide storage catalyst regeneration. By scheduling regeneration during predicted high-load driving phases where exhaust temperature and flow are naturally higher, the system maintains catalyst storage capacity without requiring additional fuel consumption for forced regeneration events.
Solution Approach 2:
The electronic computing device continuously monitors the nitrogen oxide load of the storage catalyst and uses this feedback information to determine when regeneration is necessary. This feedback mechanism allows the system to perform regeneration only when actually needed based on real catalyst state, avoiding unnecessary regeneration events that would increase fuel consumption while maintaining reliable nitrogen oxide storage capacity.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If operating parameters are adjusted in real-time to minimize emissions, then pollutant emissions are reduced, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses predictive algorithms to determine future driving phases in advance, allowing the electronic computing device to pre-calculate optimal operating parameters. This preliminary determination simplifies real-time control by reducing the computational complexity of continuous real-time optimization, as the system only needs to follow pre-determined parameter adjustments based on predicted conditions rather than performing complex real-time calculations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for real-time regulation of the engine to maintain low emissions and fuel consumption, optimizing pollutant reduction while minimizing CO2 emissions and ensuring that nitrogen oxide, hydrocarbon, and particulate emissions remain below threshold values.
Implementation Method 1
the SCR catalyst, by means of which the exhaust gas can be denitrified. Denitrifying the exhaust gas is to be understood to mean that any nitrogen oxide (NOx) contained in the exhaust gas can be removed at least partially from the exhaust gas by the selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
Implementation Method 2
a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, which is also referred to as an NSK or storage catalyst or storage cat
Implementation Method 3
at least one particulate filter formed, for example, as a diesel particulate filter
Data Source
AI summary
A method for operating an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, which has an exhaust gas system that exhaust gas from at least one combustion chamber of the internal combustion chamber can flow through and includes at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, at least one particulate filter, and at least one selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst.