Predistribution Filter Plate for Fixed-Bed Reactor Clogging

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Solution Overview

Problem

Chemical reactors with downward co-current gas and liquid flows face issues with clogging particles depositing on catalytic beds, leading to reduced interstitial volume, pressure loss, and heterogeneous flow distribution, necessitating frequent shutdowns and catalyst replacement.

Innovation Solution

A predistribution filter plate with a filtration bed and discharge tube is used to trap clogging particles and regulate liquid flow, integrating filtration and distribution functions to ensure homogeneous liquid supply and reduce pressure loss by attenuating flow variations at the downstream distributor plate.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a distributor plate is used to supply gas and liquid to the catalytic bed, then the distribution of phases is improved, but clogging particles still deposit on the catalytic bed reducing interstitial volume

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase distribution homogeneityVSAvoidinterstitial volume of catalytic bed
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a predistribution filter plate positioned upstream of the distributor plate to perform preliminary filtration of the liquid phase before it reaches the catalytic bed. This preliminary action removes clogging particles in advance, preventing them from depositing on the catalytic bed and reducing interstitial volume, while the distributor plate maintains its phase distribution function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The predistribution filter plate acts as an intermediary component between the liquid feed and the distributor plate. It mediates the liquid flow by filtering out clogging particles through its filtration medium, allowing the downstream distributor plate to focus on distribution functions without being compromised by particle deposition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Quantity of substance

If clogging particles are present in the liquid feed, then the liquid flow rate is maintained, but pressure loss increases and reactor shutdown is forced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid flow rateVSAvoidpressure loss through reactor
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The predistribution filter plate performs preliminary filtration of the liquid phase before it enters the reactor, removing clogging particles that would otherwise accumulate in the catalytic bed and cause pressure loss. This advance action maintains pressure drop within acceptable limits by preventing progressive fouling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The filtration medium of the predistribution filter plate extracts and removes clogging particles from the liquid phase through physical filtration. This extraction of harmful particles prevents them from entering the catalytic bed, thereby maintaining stable pressure loss characteristics throughout operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Stress or pressure

If blockage occurs in the catalytic bed, then pressure loss increases, but catalyst replacement is required reducing process cycle time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepressure loss indicatorVSAvoidprocess cycle time
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The predistribution filter plate performs preliminary filtration to remove clogging particles before they can cause blockage in the catalytic bed. This advance prevention action extends the operating cycle time by delaying or preventing the need for catalyst replacement, as the filtration medium captures particles that would otherwise accumulate and force shutdowns.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The predistribution filter plate serves as an intermediary protective layer between the liquid feed and the catalytic bed. It mediates the interaction by filtering out particles, thereby protecting the catalyst from fouling and extending the operational cycle before catalyst replacement becomes necessary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Ease of operation

If deposition of clogging particles occurs randomly in the bed, then flow distribution becomes heterogeneous, but homogeneous distribution is disrupted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflow distribution homogeneityVSAvoidempty fraction distribution in bed
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The predistribution filter plate performs preliminary filtration to remove clogging particles from the liquid phase before it enters the reactor. This advance action prevents random deposition of particles throughout the catalytic bed, thereby maintaining homogeneous flow distribution and stable empty fraction distribution by eliminating the source of heterogeneity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution extends the operating time of the reactor by reducing clogging occurrences, maintaining homogeneous flow and reaction progress, and minimizing pressure loss, allowing for longer cycle durations and reduced catalyst replacement frequency.

Implementation Method 1

a predistribution plate comprising a medium filtering

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFiltration: Filter (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP2225009B1Filtration and predistribution device for a fixed-bed reactor with descending gas/liquid co-current flow and use thereof
Publication Date: 2016.04.27 IFP ENERGIES NOUVELLES
  • EP2225009B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2225009B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2225009B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The device described in the present invention is used to predistribute the gas/liquid feedstock feeding a reactor operating in descending gas/liquid co-current mode, by means of a predistribution plate comprising a filter medium and an overflow tube for regulating the flow rate of liquid arriving on a distributor plate located downstream of said device. The present device applies more particularly to the selective hydrogenation treatment of feedstocks containing acetylene and diene compounds.