Capacitively Coupled Pre-Driver Circuit for High-Frequency Voltage Regulation

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

High-frequency driver circuits in semiconductor devices face stability issues due to jitter and other undesirable effects, limiting their performance as process technologies advance and demand for faster communication increases.

Innovation Solution

The proposed driver circuit design minimizes high-frequency current demand on the regulator by using capacitively coupled pre-driver stages and discharge circuits, which reduce data-dependent jitter and enhance stability by alternately sourcing and discharging charge, eliminating the need for large decoupling capacitors.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If driver circuits operate at higher frequencies to meet performance demands, then communication speed improves, but stability deteriorates due to jitter and other undesirable effects

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication speedVSAvoidcircuit stability
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The driver circuit is divided into multiple pre-driver stages (first pre-driver stage, second pre-driver stage, etc.) that operate in sequence. Each stage handles a portion of the signal conditioning, distributing the workload and reducing the stress on any single stage, thereby maintaining stability at high frequencies

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The circuit uses alternating operation between complementary pre-driver stages (PMOS-based and NMOS-based stages) that switch periodically. This periodic alternation allows one stage to charge while another discharges, creating a rhythmic operation that reduces jitter and maintains signal integrity at high frequencies

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Reliability

If large decoupling capacitors are used to maintain voltage stability, then voltage regulation improves, but device area increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevoltage regulationVSAvoiddevice area
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The pre-driver stages serve their own decoupling function by alternately charging and discharging. The intrinsic capacitance of the circuit elements and the alternating operation of complementary stages provide self-sufficient voltage stabilization without requiring external decoupling capacitors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The voltage regulation function is merged with the signal driving function. The same pre-driver stages that condition the output signals also perform the decoupling function by alternately sourcing and sinking current, eliminating the need for separate decoupling capacitor components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design improves high-frequency voltage regulation, reduces jitter, and enhances overall stability, enabling faster and more reliable communication in multi-voltage domains.

Implementation Method 1

A first capacitor couples a first pre-driver stage to a second pre-driver stage. A second capacitor couples a third pre-driver stage to a fourth pre-driver stage.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapacitance: Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

A discharge circuit is coupled between a supply terminal of the first pre-driver stage and a ground terminal. The discharge circuit includes a transistor that discharges charge accumulated on a capacitor.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Discharge: Electrostatic Discharge

Data Source

PatentEP3089368B1Driver circuit receiving a regulated pre-driver supply voltage
Publication Date: 2021.01.13 NXP USA INC
  • EP3089368B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3089368B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3089368B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A driver circuit (200) includes first (215) and second (225) pluralities of series-connected inverters for pre-driving an input signal (IN) to first and second drive transistors (224, 234) , and a plurality of capacitors (250-258). The first and second drive transistors (224, 234) coupled to the last inverter of the first (22) and second (232) pluralities of series-connected inverters. Each capacitor of the plurality of capacitors coupled between the output terminals of corresponding inverters of the first and second pluralities of series-connected inverters. In another embodiment (fig. 3), a plurality of discharge circuits (328-334) is coupled to the first plurality of series-connected inverters (311). Another embodiment (fig. 4) includes a combination of capacitors 468-480 and discharge circuits (470-474, 4802-486) coupled to the first plurality of series-connected inverters (411). The embodiments (fig. 2, 3, 4) provide a driver circuit (224, 234 or 354, 364 or 454, 464) with high frequency voltage regulation (at regulated volatge Vddo, Vssr).