Pressed Capillary Orifice for Cryogenic Low-Flow Spray
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Solution Overview
Problem
Manufacturing an orifice capable of efficiently spraying a small amount of fluid at ultra-high pressure and very low temperature while minimizing volume and mass, as existing multi-stage orifices and capillary pipes lead to excessive weight and size, and are prone to blockage by ice particles in low-temperature environments.
Innovation Solution
A method of manufacturing an orifice by forming a channel region with a cross section close to a rectangular shape by pressing a part of a capillary pipe, using a stress calculation to determine the required pressing force and area, which reduces the number of components and processes, and minimizes the risk of blockage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a very small orifice (diameter about 0.1 mm) is used to spray a very small amount of fluid in ultra-high pressure and very low temperature, then the flow rate control is improved, but the orifice is easily blocked by foreign materials and ice particles
Solution Approach 1:
The invention divides a single small orifice into multiple orifices arranged in parallel. This segmentation allows the system to maintain the required low flow rate (by having multiple smaller openings rather than one very small opening) while improving reliability (by distributing the flow across multiple paths, reducing the chance that all are blocked simultaneously).
Solution Approach 2:
The invention combines multiple orifices into a single integrated structure formed by pressing a capillary pipe. This merging approach achieves the flow control of multiple small orifices while maintaining structural simplicity and reducing the overall number of components that could potentially fail or become blocked.
2Quantity of substance
If multi-stage orifices or capillary pipes are used to achieve ultra-high pressure and low flow rate, then the hydraulic performance is improved, but the volume and mass of the orifice component are excessively increased
Solution Approach 1:
The invention merges the functions of multiple orifices into a single pressed capillary pipe structure. This integration achieves the desired hydraulic performance (ultra-high pressure and low flow rate) without the excessive weight and volume that would result from assembling multiple separate orifice components or using long capillary pipes.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the geometric parameters of the orifice by pressing the capillary pipe to create a specific cross-sectional shape and size. This parameter optimization allows the orifice to achieve the required flow rate and pressure characteristics with minimal mass and volume.
3Quantity of substance
If multi-stage orifices are used to realize ultra-high pressure and low flow rate, then the hydraulic performance is satisfied, but the volume and mass of the orifice component are excessively increased
Solution Approach 1:
The invention combines multiple orifice functions into a single pressed capillary pipe structure, achieving the desired flow rate and pressure control without the excessive volume that would result from multiple separate orifice stages.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention optimizes the geometric parameters of the orifice cross-section through pressing, achieving the required hydraulic performance with minimal volume by precisely controlling the orifice dimensions and shape.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method allows for the efficient realization of desired hydraulic performance with reduced volume and mass, minimizing the risk of blockage and enabling the orifice to function effectively in extreme environments like launch vehicle oxidizer recirculation systems.
Implementation Method 1
forming a channel region having a cross section close to a rectangular shape by pressing a part of a capillary pipe
Data Source
AI summary
A method of manufacturing an orifice is provided to make the orifice capable of spraying a very small amount of fluid in an ultra-high pressure and very low temperature environments. The method also makes it possible to provide the orifice with reduced volume and mass. More specifically, the method effectively realizes a desired hydraulic performance through a simple manufacturing method in which a part of a capillary pipe is pressed to form a channel region having a cross section close to a rectangular shape.