Pressure Vessel Liner Composite Impregnation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for producing pressure vessels with composite construction struggle to achieve high structural strength while maintaining low material costs and weight, particularly over long-term operation.

Innovation Solution

The method involves increasing the internal pressure of the support structure during the introduction of a solvent-containing matrix, using a heatable molding device to impregnate fibers, and applying the fiber material dry through winding or braiding, followed by a resin transfer molding process with reactive matrix systems to create a high-strength, low-weight fiber composite.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a matrix is introduced to impregnate fiber material in conventional methods, then fiber composite structure is formed, but the reaction time is long and production efficiency is low

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproduction efficiencyVSAvoidreaction time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by heating the mold device to elevated temperatures (typically 50-150°C) during matrix introduction. This thermal parameter change accelerates the chemical reaction and impregnation process of the matrix into the fiber material, reducing reaction time from conventional hours to minutes while maintaining complete fiber saturation and composite structural integrity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of manufacture

If fiber material is applied wet to the support structure, then impregnation is achieved, but the application process becomes complex and difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveapplication simplicityVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by applying the fiber material in a dry state to the support structure before matrix introduction. The fiber reinforcement is laid up or wound onto the liner without pre-impregnation, simplifying the application process. The matrix impregnation is then achieved in a subsequent controlled step through the heated mold, separating the complex tasks into manageable sequential operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The heated mold device serves as an intermediary that facilitates matrix impregnation without requiring pre-wetting of fibers. The thermal energy from the heated mold acts as a mediator to accelerate matrix flow and penetration into the dry fiber material, enabling complete impregnation through controlled thermal and pressure conditions rather than requiring complex pre-impregnation equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If the matrix is introduced without increasing internal pressure of the support structure, then the process is simpler, but the matrix penetration into fiber material is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematrix impregnation qualityVSAvoidprocess complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex mechanical impregnation systems with a combined thermal-chemical approach. Instead of using high-pressure injection equipment or complex vacuum systems, the method uses a heated mold to accelerate the chemical reactivity and flow characteristics of the matrix, enabling sufficient penetration into the fiber material through controlled thermal conditions and moderate pressure application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies parameter changes by controlling the temperature of the mold device and the viscosity of the matrix material. By heating the mold to specific temperature ranges and adjusting matrix composition (including solvent content), the impregnation quality is optimized through thermal and rheological parameter control rather than relying solely on mechanical pressure application.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Strength

If high material quality is used to achieve high structural strength, then compressive strength improves, but material costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompressive strengthVSAvoidmaterial cost
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by combining the support structure (liner) with fiber reinforcement and matrix material to create a composite pressure vessel. This composite construction achieves high structural strength and compressive strength through the synergistic combination of materials - the liner provides structural integrity, the fiber reinforcement adds tensile strength, and the matrix binds them together - while using cost-effective material combinations rather than requiring expensive high-grade materials throughout.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enables the efficient and cost-effective production of pressure vessels with high compressive strength and low structural weight, allowing for quick reaction times and a non-porous, protective matrix that prevents air from entering under high pressure loads.

Implementation Method 1

introducing a matrix between the forming device and the basic structure, which matrix at least partially penetrates into the fibrous material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

the matrix saturates the fiber material on the support structure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbsorption: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 3

the internal pressure of the support structure is increased during the introduction of the solvent-containing matrix

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure increase: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 4

reactive matrix systems, reactive resin systems, reactive polyamides, preferably caprolactam, or polyurethane systems (PU) are used as the matrix

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical reaction and hardening: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentEP3155310B1Method for manufacturing a pressure vessel
Publication Date: 2020.02.26 HYDAC TECH GMBH
  • EP3155310B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3155310B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3155310B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for manufacturing a pressure vessel (2), which is preferably provided for use in bladder accumulators, comprising the following manufacturing steps: - providing a support structure (22), more particularly in the form of a liner; - applying a fibrous material (24) to the support structure (22) to form a base structure (20); - placing the base structure (20) in a heatable mould apparatus (4, 6, 10); and - introducing a matrix between the mould apparatus (4, 6, 10) and the base structure (20), which partially penetrates the fibrous material (24).