Pressurized Cadaver Model for REBOA Training
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current training methods for resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta lack a cadaver model that can simulate pulsatile blood flow, which is crucial for mastering the procedure, and existing options like virtual reality and animal testing are inadequate in replicating the necessary anatomy and blood flow dynamics.
Innovation Solution
A pressurized cadaver model is created by exposing and ligating specific arteries and veins, inserting arterial catheters, and connecting them to a pressurized perfusion pump to simulate pulsatile blood flow, allowing for realistic training of endovascular procedures like REBOA.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If virtual reality simulation is used for training, then automated objective assessment and haptic feedback are provided, but percutaneous cannulation and open exposure of the groin cannot be practiced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a cadaver model as an intermediary between virtual reality simulation and actual patient procedures. The cadaver provides realistic anatomy for percutaneous cannulation practice while incorporating artificial pulsatile blood flow to simulate physiological conditions, bridging the gap between automated simulation and real surgical practice.
Solution Approach 2:
The training system combines multiple training modalities into a single cadaver-based platform that can perform both percutaneous cannulation practice and open surgical exposure training. The system universally addresses multiple training needs that previously required separate simulation and animal testing approaches.
2Duration of action of moving object
If animal testing is used for training, then dynamic blood flow and hemorrhage are provided, but similarity to human access anatomy is lacking
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a copy of human anatomy using a cadaver model rather than using animal anatomy. This copying approach preserves exact human vascular anatomy and access points while incorporating artificial pulsatile flow mechanisms to replicate dynamic blood flow conditions that would otherwise require living animals.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses a hydraulic pump to generate artificial pulsatile blood flow through the cadaver's vascular system. This pneumatic/hydraulic approach simulates dynamic blood flow and hemorrhage conditions without requiring a living animal, thereby maintaining human anatomical accuracy while providing realistic hemodynamic conditions.
3Manufacturing precision
If a non-pressurized cadaver model is used, then real human anatomy is provided, but pulsatile blood flow cannot be simulated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a hydraulic pump system to introduce pressurized fluid through the cadaver's arterial system, creating artificial pulsatile blood flow. This hydraulic approach enables the simulation of dynamic hemodynamic conditions in a non-living cadaver model, overcoming the limitation of static, non-pressurized traditional cadaver training models.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the physical parameters of the cadaver model by introducing pressurized pulsatile flow through arterial cannulation. This parameter change transforms the cadaver from a static anatomical specimen to a dynamic system that simulates living blood flow conditions, enabling realistic training for hemorrhage control and vascular procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The pressurized cadaver model effectively simulates hemorrhagic shock conditions, enabling surgeons to practice and master the REBOA procedure with realistic arterial access and pulsatile blood flow, addressing the limitations of existing training methods.
Implementation Method 1
A pressurized perfusion pump is connected to the cannula to simulate pulsatile blood flow
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are methods for creating a pressurized cadaver model used for surgical procedure training. In the method the internal jugular veins, common carotid arteries, brachial arteries, superficial femoral arteries and femoral veins thereof of a cadaver are exposed. One internal jugular vein is ligated and a drainage tube is disposed in the other internal jugular vein. An arterial catheter is inserted into one brachial artery and connected to a pressure transducer and an arterial cannula is placed in a carotid artery and connected to a fusion pump. Fluid is injected into the artery through the cannulated carotid artery. A representative example of the surgical procedure includes resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta.