Pressurized Fluidized Bed Reactor with Curved Cover
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fluidized bed reactors for water treatment using adsorbent media particles face challenges such as excessive activated carbon leakage, increased costs due to pumping requirements, and variability in pollutant content, leading to inefficient treatment and higher operational costs.
Innovation Solution
A closed reactor system with a fluidized bed of adsorbent media particles that operates under pressure, utilizing a curved cover to reverse fluid flow and eliminate the need for intermediate pumping, and incorporating an annular chamber for additional treatment steps, optimizing footprint and reducing costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the bed of activated carbon is fluidized at high expansion rate to maximize adsorbent action, then the specific surface of the media is fully used for adsorption, but particles of smaller particle size distribution leak out of the reactor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies gravity separation in the upper part of the reactor to separate activated carbon particles from the treated fluid. By inverting the normal fluidization outcome where particles leak, the system uses gravitational force to cause particles to settle back into the reactor while the treated fluid overflows, thus preventing carbon loss while maintaining high expansion rates for maximum adsorption efficiency
2Ease of manufacture
If the reactor operates at atmospheric pressure with overflow recovery, then the treated fluid is recovered by gravity, but additional pumping equipment is required to convey the fluid to subsequent treatment steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the fluidized bed reactor with subsequent treatment steps into an integrated pressurized system. By operating the entire treatment train under pressure, the system eliminates the need for intermediate pumping between stages, as the pressurized fluid flows continuously through all treatment steps without requiring additional mechanical energy input
3Reliability
If the bed height is increased to handle variability in pollutant content, then the adsorption capacity is increased, but the reactor footprint and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic control of fluidization velocity to adapt to varying pollutant loads. By adjusting the upward fluid velocity, the system can optimize the expansion rate and contact time between fluid and adsorbent particles, allowing the same reactor volume to effectively handle both low and high pollutant concentrations without requiring excessive bed height or reactor volume
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution eliminates the need for intermediate pumping, reduces operational costs, and allows for optimized treatment velocities and footprint, effectively managing pollutant peaks without additional equipment, while maintaining efficient adsorption and filtration capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
The minimum fluidization velocity of a media bed made up of solid particles is the minimum velocity that a fluid circulating from bottom to top must have to allow slight movement of the particles which become suspended
Implementation Method 2
When the fluid velocity becomes greater than the minimum fluidization velocity, the bed of solid particles experiences an expansion phenomenon in the reactor, characterized by an expansion rate
Implementation Method 3
a curved cover forming a deflector making it possible to transform said upward flow into a homogeneous downward flow and to direct said downward flow towards said recovery means preferentially via said annular chamber
Implementation Method 4
The present invention is suitable for the reduction of the organic substances, the micropollutants and/or the metal ions in water using activated carbon as adsorbent media
Implementation Method 5
the velocity of fluidization of the activated carbon and the characteristics of the latter must be precisely chosen to ensure a gravity separation, in the upper part of the reactor, between the activated carbon particles and the fluid
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a facility for the treatment of a fluid, comprising a reactor (1) that accommodates a bed of adsorbent media particles, means (2) for injecting and distributing fluid to be treated, which means are in the bottom part of said reactor (1) and are intended to form an ascending flow of fluid within said reactor (1) and allow said bed of adsorbent media particles to be fluidised and expanded, and means (3) for recovering the fluid that has passed within said bed of adsorbent media particles fluidised in this way, characterised in that said reactor (1) is a closed reactor that forms an enclosure making it possible to implement said treatment under pressure, said enclosure having a bottom (11) that accommodates said means (2) for injecting and distributing the fluid to be treated, a substantially cylindrical central body (12) forming a fluidisation column, a substantially cylindrical peripheral body (14) defining an annular chamber (15) around said substantially cylindrical central body (12) delimiting a fluidisation column, said annular chamber (15) accommodating at least one layer of a granular or pulverulent material, a curved cover (13) forming a baffle making it possible to transform said ascending flow into a homogeneous descending flow and to direct said descending flow towards said recovery means (3) via said annular chamber (15).