Primary Air Burner Layout for Low-NOx Storage Water Heaters
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional hot water storage type water heaters face inefficiencies in heating hot water due to radiation heat loss and increased combustion air temperature, leading to nitrogen oxide generation and high costs from additional structural components.
Innovation Solution
An all primary air burner with a cylindrical burner head is positioned to protrude into a space covered by a mirror plate, ensuring efficient radiation heat transfer to the hot water storage chamber while minimizing radiation to other areas, and maintaining a suitable distance to prevent exhaust resistance, eliminating the need for additional structural components like insulating boards.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the burner is positioned lower in the combustion chamber, then the combustion space is sufficient, but the radiation heat is not efficiently transmitted to the hot water storage chamber and combustion air temperature increases
Solution Approach 1:
The burner head is extended upward into the hot water storage chamber space, changing the spatial dimension of heat transmission. This allows radiation heat to directly reach the hot water storage chamber mirror plate from above, rather than heating the combustion air indirectly from below, thus improving heating efficiency while preventing nitrogen oxide generation
2Object-generated harmful factors
If additional structural components like insulating boards or partition plates are added to shield radiation heat, then combustion air temperature increase is suppressed, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The harmful effect of radiation heat is eliminated by repositioning the burner head upward, extracting the source of the problem rather than adding shielding components. This removes the need for insulating boards or partition plates, suppressing combustion air temperature increase while maintaining ease of manufacture
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of blocking radiation heat from below with shields, the burner is inverted upward to directly radiate heat into the hot water storage chamber. This reverse approach eliminates the need for additional shielding structures while achieving the same temperature control objective
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances thermal efficiency by reducing nitrogen oxide generation, minimizing energy loss, and lowering costs by eliminating the need for additional structural components, while ensuring effective heat transfer to the hot water storage chamber.
Implementation Method 1
radiation heat from the burner 34 is emitted toward an inner surface of the combustion chamber 33
Implementation Method 2
high temperature combustion gas goes up in an exhaust passage 35
Data Source
AI summary
A water heater capable of suppressing an increase in the combustion air temperature exiting the heater and the generation of nitrogen oxide within an easy structure is provided. In the water heater, a burner is provided in a combustion chamber which is below a hot water storage chamber that is an all primary air burner which takes in the air required for gas combustion, whereby the air is mostly primary air. In addition, the burner is provided with a supporting plate in the combustion chamber at a height that allows part of the burner head to be protruded into a space covered by a lower mirror plate.