3D Printer Light Engine Scanning Array for High Resolution

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current 3D printing systems face challenges in achieving high resolution and speed in selectively curing or fusing materials, particularly in the application of energy using imaging systems like lasers.

Innovation Solution

A 3D printing system with a light engine that scans an array of light spots across a build plane using a parallel beam generator and spatial light modulator, which includes a columnar array of controllable elements, beam expanders, and micro-lenses to generate and direct modulated light beams, allowing for precise imaging and efficient material processing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a single laser beam is used to selectively cure or fuse material, then the system is simple to operate, but the imaging speed and productivity are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimaging speedVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides a single laser beam into multiple parallel beams using beam splitting optics. Each beam can independently image different regions of the build plane simultaneously, effectively segmenting the imaging task across multiple parallel processing channels to increase overall productivity without requiring multiple separate laser sources

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from sequential single-point imaging to parallel multi-point imaging by introducing a spatial dimension of parallelism. Multiple beams are arranged in arrays and scanned across the build plane in parallel, adding a dimensional aspect of simultaneous multi-location processing that dramatically increases imaging speed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Manufacturing precision

If the laser beam is focused to a small spot for high resolution, then the manufacturing precision is improved, but the area covered per scan is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveresolutionVSAvoidscan coverage
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the build plane into multiple regions that can be imaged simultaneously by different beams in the parallel array. Each beam maintains a small focused spot size for high resolution while the collective array of beams covers the entire build plane in parallel, thus resolving the contradiction between spot size and coverage area

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines multiple small focused beams into a parallel array system where each beam maintains its high-resolution capability while the merged system achieves comprehensive coverage. The individual high-resolution beams work together in unison to image the entire build plane, merging their collective capability to overcome the limitation of single-beam coverage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances resolution and speed in the 3D printing process, enabling the formation of high-quality three-dimensional articles by selectively imaging and fusing build material layers with improved precision and efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

a spatial light modulator that includes a columnar array of controllable elements that each receive light from a light source and output a modulated light beam

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight modulation:

Implementation Method 2

a beam expander that expands the columnar array of light beams along the second axis

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBeam expansion:

Implementation Method 3

a columnar array of micro-lenses that each shrink one of the light beams

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLens focusing: Lens

Implementation Method 4

Some of these three dimensional printing systems utilize the application of energy to selectively cure or fuse materials

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhotopolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Implementation Method 5

The energy is applied using imaging systems such as lasers

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser heating: Laser

Data Source

PatentEP3820678B1Three dimensional (3D) printer and method
Publication Date: 2023.06.14 3D SYSTEMS INC
  • EP3820678B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3820678B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3820678B1 patent drawingFigure 4A

AI summary

A three dimensional printing system for manufacturing a three dimensional article includes a build platform (4), a light engine, and a controller. The build platform (4) is coupled to a vertical positioning apparatus. The light engine is configured to generate and scan a columnar array of light spots (24) across a build plane (10). The columnar array of light spots are arranged along a second axis. The light spots are scanned along a first axis. The build plane is laterally defined by mutually perpendicular X and Y axes. In the build plane, the first axis is parallel to the X-axis. The light engine is operated to scan the light spots (24) over the build plane (10), the scanning light spots image the build material along stripes (26) that are parallel to the X-axis and are separated from each other along the Y-axis leaving unimaged stripes (28) between the imaged stripes. This is repeated one or more times with the light spots shifted in Y in order to image the unimaged stripes. These steps are repeated until the three dimensional article is formed.