Prismatic Battery Pressure-Sensitive Current Breaking Mechanism
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current prismatic secondary batteries face challenges in achieving higher energy density and capacity due to structural limitations and complexity, particularly in vehicle applications like EVs and PHEVs, where space optimization and reliability are critical.
Innovation Solution
A prismatic secondary battery design incorporating a pressure-sensitive current breaking mechanism with conductive members and a deformation plate that disconnects the collector path upon pressure increase, allowing for reduced non-electricity generating space and enhanced energy density, while also preventing overcharging and improving reliability under impact or vibration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a wounded electrode body with exposed portions at both ends is used, then the battery structure is simpler, but spaces are required for disposing the exposed portions and for the sealing plate, reducing energy density
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the positive and negative electrode exposed portions to a single end of the battery, allowing the sealing plate to perform both sealing and electrical connection functions. This consolidation eliminates the need for separate connection structures at both ends, reducing overall battery volume while maintaining structural simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The sealing plate is designed to serve multiple functions: it seals the battery opening and simultaneously provides the electrical connection path for both positive and negative electrodes. This multi-functionality reduces the need for additional components and optimizes space utilization within the battery.
2Quantity of substance
If the positive and negative electrode exposed portions are disposed at one end, then energy density increases, but the collector structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the collector structures for both positive and negative electrodes into a single integrated assembly at one end of the battery. This merged collector structure eliminates redundant components and simplifies the overall design while maintaining efficient electrical connection pathways.
Solution Approach 2:
The collector structure is designed to handle both positive and negative electrode connections through a unified design, where single components serve multiple electrical connection functions. This reduces the number of separate collector pieces needed while maintaining low resistance pathways.
3Ease of manufacture
If spaces are provided for non-electricity generating components, then the battery structure is easier to manufacture, but the battery capacity and energy density are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the electrical connection function from the electrode exposed portions and relocates it to the sealing plate. This extraction allows the electrode body to be fully utilized for active material without requiring additional space for separate connection components, thereby increasing battery capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The sealing plate is merged with the electrical connection function, eliminating the need for separate connection terminals and reducing the volume occupied by non-active components. This increases the proportion of active material in the battery while maintaining ease of assembly.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves higher energy density and capacity by optimizing space usage and ensuring reliability through the pressure-sensitive mechanism, preventing overcharging, and distributing load effectively to prevent fragile portion damage.
Implementation Method 1
a pressure-sensitive current breaking mechanism provided in a conductive path between the positive electrode plate and the positive electrode terminal or in a conductive path between the negative electrode plate and the negative electrode terminal
Data Source
AI summary
An electrode body including a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate include a positive electrode tab portion at an end portion on a sealing plate side, a positive electrode collector electrically connected to the positive electrode plate include a collector body portion, a collector extension portion, a collector connection, and a collector connection portion. A pressure-sensitive current breaking mechanism includes a conductive member having an opening portion on an electrode body side, a deformation plate that seals the opening portion, and a collector body portion disposed on the electrode body side of the deformation plate and connected to the deformation plate. The collector extension portion is offset from the collector body portion and is disposed on the sealing plate side with respect to the collector body portion. Positive electrode tab portion is connected to the collector connection bent back at an end portion of the collector extension portion.