Probability-Based Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Radio Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

In cognitive radio systems, traditional static spectrum allocation leads to radio spectrum underutilization, and dynamic resource allocation is challenging due to interference from primary users, requiring efficient methods to allocate channels and power while ensuring quality of service and minimizing interference.

Innovation Solution

A probability-based resource allocation method is introduced, where cognitive radio users coordinate spectrum sensing information to compute probability-based information, adjust channel and power allocation, and utilize soft information from cooperative spectrum sensing to optimize resource allocation, ensuring maximum weighted sum rate and protecting primary users.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If static spectrum allocation is used, then system complexity is reduced, but spectrum utilization efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectrum allocation complexityVSAvoidspectrum utilization efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic spectrum allocation where the central controller continuously receives spectrum sensing information from CR users and adjusts channel assignments in real-time based on changing spectrum availability. This transforms the static allocation into a dynamic system that adapts to primary user activity patterns, thereby improving spectrum utilization efficiency while managing complexity through automated algorithms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system establishes a feedback loop where CR users report spectrum sensing results to the central controller, which then recalculates and updates resource allocations based on this feedback. This closed-loop control enables the system to respond to spectrum opportunities and interference conditions, optimizing utilization without requiring manual reconfiguration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Productivity

If dynamic resource allocation is implemented, then spectrum utilization efficiency is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectrum utilization efficiencyVSAvoidresource allocation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a central controller as an intermediary that centralizes the complex computation and decision-making processes. Individual CR users only need to perform simple spectrum sensing and report results, while the central controller handles the sophisticated optimization algorithms, probability calculations, and resource allocation decisions. This distribution of computational burden reduces complexity at user devices while maintaining efficient dynamic allocation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts allocation parameters such as channel assignments, power levels, and time slots based on computed probability metrics and interference constraints. By changing these parameters adaptively rather than using fixed allocations, the system achieves improved spectrum utilization while managing complexity through parameter-based control mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If probability-based allocation is used, then resource allocation accuracy is improved, but computational complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveresource allocation accuracyVSAvoidcomputation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent performs preliminary computations of probability metrics and interference assessments based on collected spectrum sensing information before making allocation decisions. By pre-calculating these probability values and using them as inputs for subsequent allocation decisions, the system reduces real-time computational burden while maintaining high allocation accuracy. This separates heavy computation from decision-making in time.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

4Measurement precision

If spectrum sensing information is coordinated among multiple CR users, then allocation accuracy is improved, but communication overhead increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectrum sensing accuracyVSAvoidcommunication overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and utilizes only the essential spectrum sensing information needed for allocation decisions, filtering out redundant data. The system coordinates sensing results from multiple CR users but processes only the critical parameters required for probability calculations and interference assessment, thereby reducing communication overhead while maintaining improved allocation accuracy through coordinated sensing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentEP2404461B1Apparatus and method for probability-based resource allocation in a wireless communication system
Publication Date: 2014.05.07 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP2404461B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2404461B1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b
  • EP2404461B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A system and method for probability-based resource allocation in a wireless communication system is provided. A method for centralized resource allocation includes coordinating spectrum sensing information with a set of cognitive radio (CR) user pairs, computing probability-based information for CR user pairs in the set of CR user pairs, computing adjustment values for each channel available for allocation, assigning a CR user pair to an unassigned channel in a set of channels available for allocation, the assigning based on the probability-based information, updating the adjustment values, repeating the assigning a CR user pair and the updating the adjustment values if the adjustment values have not converged, and transmitting a message to the set of CR user pairs, wherein the message comprises information regarding CR user pair to channel assignments.