Probe Arrangement for Compact Dual-Polarized Patch Antenna
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Solution Overview
Problem
Probe-fed patch antennas face challenges in achieving broadband capabilities while maintaining a compact design, especially for applications with strict size limitations, and require improved cross-polar discrimination and isolation levels.
Innovation Solution
A probe arrangement with four or more probes, each comprising a feeding, intermediate, and termination portion, is designed to extend in three dimensions, allowing for a second resonance with a single patch, and features symmetric and arrow-shaped intermediate and termination portions for improved radiation patterns, with the option of two input ports per probe pair to reduce power requirements and adjust impedance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a second parasitic stacked patch is used to achieve broadband capability, then the bandwidth is improved, but the antenna dimensions increase making it unsuitable for compact applications
Solution Approach 1:
The probe structure transitions from a planar configuration to a three-dimensional arrangement with intermediate and termination portions extending in multiple directions. This dimensional change enables the probe to achieve broadband resonance characteristics through its spatial configuration rather than requiring additional stacked patches, thereby maintaining compact antenna dimensions while improving bandwidth capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The probe design incorporates variable geometric parameters including the width of the termination portion being larger than the intermediate portion, and the overall probe height being less than a tenth of the wavelength. By optimizing these parameters, the probe achieves broadband resonance and dual-polarization characteristics without increasing the antenna's overall volume, resolving the contradiction between bandwidth and compact size.
2Adaptability or versatility
If four or more probes are arranged to form dual-polarized radiation, then the radiation characteristics and broadband capability are improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The probe design employs asymmetric geometry where the termination portion has a larger width than the intermediate portion. This asymmetry, combined with the specific arrangement of four probes, enables dual-polarized radiation capability while maintaining manageable device complexity through optimized structural design rather than complex multi-component assemblies.
Solution Approach 2:
Each probe is segmented into three distinct portions: feeding portion, intermediate portion, and termination portion. This segmentation allows each segment to be optimized for specific functions (excitation, transition, and radiation), enabling dual-polarization capability while keeping the overall device complexity manageable through modular design principles.
3Volume of moving object
If the probe height is reduced to less than a tenth of the wavelength for compact design, then the antenna size is reduced, but achieving resonance and broadband capability becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The probe achieves resonance capability despite its compact height (less than λ/10) by utilizing three-dimensional spatial configuration. The intermediate and termination portions extend in directions perpendicular to the feeding portion, creating effective electrical length and resonance characteristics without requiring increased vertical height, thus maintaining compact antenna size while achieving broadband resonance.
Solution Approach 2:
The design optimizes geometric parameters including the width ratio between termination and intermediate portions, and the angular orientation of probe extensions. These parameter adjustments enable the compact probe structure to achieve resonant behavior and broadband performance despite the constrained height, resolving the contradiction between compact size and resonance capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The probe arrangement enables a compact, dual-polarized patch antenna with enhanced radiation characteristics, achieving broadband capabilities and improved cross-polar discrimination, suitable for applications in various frequency bands used in mobile communications.
Implementation Method 1
the electro-magnetic radiation emitted by the patch is caused by a probe or a probe arrangement effecting currents in the patch
Implementation Method 2
patch antennas are typically resonant, narrow band structures
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided is a probe arrangement for a probe-fed patch antenna, comprising a foot and a top and at least a first probe and a second probe, wherein the first probe and the second probe are electrically separated from each other, wherein each probe comprises a feeding portion, an intermediate portion and a termination portion, wherein the feeding portion extends from the foot to the top, wherein the intermediate portion and the termination portion are arranged at the top, wherein the intermediate portion extends at the top from the feeding portion to the termination portion, and wherein a width of the termination portion in a direction perpendicular to an extension direction of the intermediate portion is larger than a width of the intermediate portion in the direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the intermediate portion.