Aircraft Probe Heater Life Prediction via Micro-fracture Detection

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Aircraft sensor probes face premature failure due to ice buildup and heating element degradation, necessitating predictive maintenance to avoid flight delays and costly replacements.

Innovation Solution

A system and method for monitoring the resistive heating element of aircraft probes, detecting micro-fractures, and determining the remaining useful life by analyzing changes in current, capacitance, resonant frequency, thermal imaging, and antenna response over time, allowing for proactive replacement.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If heaters are implemented within the probe to prevent ice formation, then the probe functionality is maintained in harsh conditions, but the heating element becomes the most life-limited part requiring frequent replacement

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprobe functionalityVSAvoidheating element lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary monitoring of heating element characteristics (resistance, current draw, voltage) to detect micro-fractures and degradation trends before complete failure occurs. This allows proactive replacement scheduling that prevents unexpected probe failure while extending the effective service life of the heating element through optimized maintenance timing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If probes are replaced immediately when heating element breakdown occurs, then flight operations are not delayed, but replacement costs increase and maintenance efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveflight operation continuityVSAvoidmaintenance efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously monitors heating element electrical characteristics and provides feedback on degradation trends and remaining useful life predictions. This feedback enables maintenance scheduling based on actual condition rather than fixed intervals, optimizing the replacement timing to ensure flight operations are not delayed while minimizing unnecessary replacements and associated costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Device complexity

If traditional monitoring methods are used to detect heating element failure, then simple detection is achieved, but micro-fractures and early degradation cannot be detected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemonitoring system simplicityVSAvoidmicro-fracture detection capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system monitors changes in electrical parameters (resistance, current draw, voltage) of the heating element over time. By analyzing trends and deviations in these parameters, the system can detect micro-fractures and early degradation that would not be apparent from simple binary failure detection, providing advanced warning while using relatively simple monitoring circuitry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate prediction of probe failure, reducing unexpected maintenance needs, preventing flight delays, and optimizing maintenance schedules by determining the remaining useful life of the heating element.

Implementation Method 1

heaters are implemented within the probe to prevent the formation of ice

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

monitoring characteristics of the probe over time... characteristics of the heater wire to change

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resistance: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP3379261B1Probe heater remaining useful life determination
Publication Date: 2021.10.06 ROSEMOUNT AEROSPACE INC
  • EP3379261B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3379261B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3379261B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A probe system includes a heater (14) and a control circuit (16). The heater includes a resistive heating element routed through the probe. An operational voltage is provided to the resistive heating element to provide heating for the probe. The control circuit is configured to provide a test voltage different than the operational voltage and monitor a test current generated in the resistive heating element while providing the test voltage. The control circuit is further configured to detect micro fractures in the resistive heating element based on the test current.