Processor Cluster DVFS for Localized Power Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power management systems for SoC-based electronic devices lack efficient and flexible mechanisms to manage power consumption and performance across multiple processor clusters, leading to performance degradation due to parasitic effects and electrical noise.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a power management processor within each processor cluster to control voltage and frequency scaling independently, coupled with a system controller for system-level power allocation, enabling dynamic power management at both firmware and system levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If a centralized power management system is used for SoC-based electronic devices, then power distribution can be controlled globally, but parasitic effects and electrical noise cause performance degradation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidperformance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the centralized power management system into distributed power management processors located within each processor cluster. Each cluster has its own power management processor that independently controls power states of processors within that cluster, reducing the impact of parasitic effects and electrical noise by localizing power management functions and minimizing long conductive wire paths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Productivity

If processor clusters operate at high performance states, then computational capability is improved, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomputational capabilityVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) where each power management processor dynamically adjusts the operating voltage and frequency of processors within its cluster based on real-time performance requirements and power constraints. This allows the system to optimize the balance between computational capability and power consumption by transitioning processors between different performance states as needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes operational parameters (voltage and frequency) of processors dynamically based on workload demands. The power management processor monitors performance state requirements and adjusts voltage and frequency parameters to achieve the necessary computational capability while minimizing power consumption, allowing processors to operate at high performance states only when required.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If independent power management is implemented at each processor cluster, then power management flexibility is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower management flexibilityVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments power management functions into distributed power management processors within each cluster, providing local autonomy and flexibility. Each power management processor independently manages its cluster, improving adaptability to local conditions while the modular architecture manages overall system complexity through standardized interfaces and hierarchical control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Data Source

PatentEP4405775B1Dynamic voltage and frequency scaling (DVFS) within processor clusters
Publication Date: 2025.08.20 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP4405775B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP4405775B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4405775B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An electronic system has a plurality of processing clusters including a first processing cluster. The first processing cluster further includes a plurality of processors and a power management processor. The power management processor obtains performance information about the plurality of processors, executes power instructions to transition a first processor of the plurality of processors from a first performance state to a second performance state different from the first performance state, and executes one or more debug instructions to perform debugging of a respective processor of the plurality of processors. The power instructions are executed in accordance with the obtained performance information and independently of respective performance states of other processors in the plurality of processors of the first processing cluster. In some implementations, the power management processor receives, from a system controller external to the plurality of processing clusters, a first power allocation for the first processing cluster.