Processor Domain Power Allocation via Efficiency Ratings

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current techniques fail to optimally distribute power budgets among multi-frequency domains in processors, leading to inefficiencies in energy consumption and performance, as they lack effective metrics for cross-domain evaluation and dynamic workload sensitivity considerations.

Innovation Solution

A method is introduced to determine efficiency ratings for each domain by calculating a scalability factor and cost factor, with an adjustment factor to ensure fairness, and using these ratings to allocate power budgets dynamically, prioritizing domains with higher efficiency ratings to maximize performance per unit of power.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If power budget is distributed among multi-frequency domains based on current techniques, then power allocation is performed, but optimal distribution is not achieved leading to energy inefficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidperformance
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the parameter of power allocation by introducing efficiency ratings that dynamically adjust power distribution based on domain performance characteristics. The system calculates efficiency ratings for each domain and uses these ratings to determine optimal power allocation, transforming the static power distribution into a dynamic parameter-adjustment mechanism that resolves the contradiction between energy efficiency and performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where domain efficiency is continuously evaluated and used to adjust power allocation. The system monitors domain performance, calculates efficiency ratings, and feeds this information back into the power management decision-making process, enabling adaptive power distribution that maintains both energy efficiency and performance requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of operation

If power budget is allocated without cross-domain evaluation metrics, then allocation decisions can be made, but effective power budget balancing cannot be achieved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower allocation decision-makingVSAvoidenergy wastage
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces efficiency ratings as an intermediary metric that mediates between power allocation decisions and energy efficiency outcomes. This intermediary measurement system enables informed decision-making by providing a quantitative basis for evaluating domain performance and guiding power distribution, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and energy wastage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces ad-hoc or rule-based power allocation mechanisms with a systematic efficiency rating-based approach. By substituting the previous mechanical decision-making process with a data-driven efficiency evaluation system, the patent achieves both ease of operation through automated rating calculation and reduced energy wastage through optimized allocation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Device complexity

If utilization is used as the primary metric for power allocation, then allocation can be performed, but true power demand cannot be differentiated between domains

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveallocation metric simplicityVSAvoidpower demand differentiation
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by introducing domain-specific efficiency ratings that capture the unique performance characteristics of each domain. Instead of using a single global metric like utilization, the system evaluates each domain's local efficiency properties, enabling precise differentiation of power demand while maintaining manageable complexity through standardized rating calculations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transforms the static utilization metric into a dynamic efficiency rating that adapts to changing domain performance conditions. The efficiency rating system dynamically adjusts to reflect true power demand by incorporating domain-specific performance factors, thereby improving measurement precision without significantly increasing device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP2788835B1A method, apparatus, and system for energy efficiency and energy conservation including balancing power among multi-frequency domains of a processor based on efficiency rating scheme
Publication Date: 2018.11.07 INTEL CORP
  • EP2788835B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2788835B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2788835B1 patent drawingFigure 3~6

AI summary

The efficiency rating (ER) of each domain, in a processor, may be compared and then the power budget may be allocated, effectively, among the domains based on the ERs of the domains. The ER may indicate relative advantage among domains in terms of performance return for a given power budget, i.e., a higher effectiveness may be expected in power utilization if the ER is higher for a domain. The ER of a domain may be defined as (scalability factor/cost factor * alpha). The scalability factor may be defined as a performance increase (in %) brought about by an increase in the clock frequency (in %) provided to the domain. The cost factor may be defined as a power budget value required in bringing about an increase in the clock frequency provided to the domain and alpha is an adjustment factor.