Multicore Processor Power Management via Thread Migration

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Solution Overview

Problem

The increasing power requirements and energy consumption of computing systems due to advances in semiconductor processing and software inefficiencies lead to a need for energy-efficient solutions in multicore processors, as computing devices contribute significantly to electricity consumption and require optimized power management to balance performance with energy usage.

Innovation Solution

An intelligent multi-core power management controller that learns workload characteristics dynamically and applies optimal power configurations, including the number of active cores, threads, voltage, and frequency, using machine learning-based models to predict and adjust power states, thereby allocating only needed resources and optimizing energy efficiency without compromising performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If the number of cores and processing resources is increased to improve performance, then computing power and processing speed are improved, but power consumption and energy requirements escalate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomputing performanceVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts the number of active cores and processing resources based on real-time workload detection. The power management controller continuously monitors workload characteristics and activates or deactivates cores as needed, transitioning the system from a static to a dynamic configuration that adapts to changing computational demands.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes operational parameters including the number of active cores, clock frequency, and voltage levels based on workload characteristics. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system optimizes the balance between performance and power consumption, activating additional cores or increasing frequency only when computational demands require it.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If all cores are kept active to maintain performance during peak workloads, then processing capability is maximized, but energy waste occurs during low-utilization periods

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessing capabilityVSAvoidenergy waste
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The power management controller implements a feedback mechanism that continuously monitors workload characteristics and system performance metrics. Based on this feedback, the controller dynamically adjusts the number of active cores, activating additional cores when workload increases and deactivating them when workload decreases, thereby preventing energy waste during low-utilization periods while maintaining performance during peak demands.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-service power management by automatically detecting workload characteristics and adjusting its own configuration without external intervention. The power management controller autonomously monitors system state, determines optimal core activation patterns, and reconfigures the processor accordingly, enabling the system to serve its own power management needs efficiently.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Ease of operation

If traditional power management methods are used without workload awareness, then system simplicity is maintained, but energy efficiency is compromised due to inability to identify underutilized resources

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem simplicityVSAvoidenergy efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The invention introduces a power management controller as an intermediary component that sits between the workload and the processor cores. This intermediary monitors workload characteristics, analyzes resource utilization patterns, and makes intelligent decisions about core activation. While adding a component, it maintains ease of operation by automatically managing the complexity internally while providing energy-efficient operation through workload-aware decisions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3256929B1Performing power management in a multicore processor
Publication Date: 2023.06.28 TAHOE RES LTD
  • EP3256929B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3256929B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3256929B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In an embodiment, a processor includes: a plurality of first cores to independently execute instructions, each of the plurality of first cores including a plurality of counters to store performance information; at least one second core to perform memory operations; and a power controller to receive performance information from at least some of the plurality of counters, determine a workload type executed on the processor based at least in part on the performance information, and based on the workload type dynamically migrate one or more threads from one or more of the plurality of first cores to the at least one second core for execution during a next operation interval. Other embodiments are described and claimed.