Profile-Guided Cache Trimming to Reduce Dead-Data Traffic

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Solution Overview

Problem

A significant portion of memory traffic in data centers is wasted on transmitting dead data between the cache and main memory due to uninitialized values and unused memory blocks, leading to inefficient cache utilization.

Innovation Solution

Implementing a data allocation/deallocation (A/D) profile to determine the initialization and reuse patterns of memory blocks, allowing for optimized cache line creation and eviction strategies to trim dead data and reduce memory traffic.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If traditional cache management is used without profile guidance, then cache operations are simple and fast, but dead data is transmitted between cache and main memory causing wasted memory traffic

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvememory trafficVSAvoidcache management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary profiling of allocation callstacks to generate A/D profiles before actual cache operations. This advance analysis identifies which memory blocks will be initialized and reused, allowing the system to pre-determine cache retention strategies and avoid transmitting dead data later.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements feedback mechanisms where allocation and deallocation patterns are continuously monitored and fed back into the cache management logic. The A/D profiles provide feedback information about memory block usage patterns, enabling dynamic adjustment of cache retention decisions to minimize dead data transmission.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Loss of energy

If A/D profile generation and cache line trimming are implemented, then memory traffic of dead data is reduced, but processing overhead increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvememory trafficVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system segments the memory management task by analyzing allocation callstacks separately and generating A/D profiles for specific allocation regions. Cache line trimming is applied selectively to individual cache lines based on their specific usage patterns identified in the profiles, rather than applying uniform management to all memory.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies partial action by trimming only those cache lines identified as containing dead data according to the A/D profiles, rather than managing all cache lines uniformly. This selective approach reduces processing overhead compared to comprehensive cache management while still capturing the majority of benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Productivity

If cache lines are trimmed based on A/D profiles, then cache utilization is optimized, but complexity of cache control logic increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecache utilizationVSAvoidcache control logic
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system introduces A/D profiles as an intermediary data structure that mediates between raw allocation/deallocation events and cache control decisions. These profiles serve as a simplified representation of complex memory usage patterns, making it easier for the cache control logic to make informed decisions without directly analyzing intricate allocation histories.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Loss of energy

If profile-guided trimming is applied, then uninitialized values and unused memory blocks are removed from cache, but measurement and detection complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvememory trafficVSAvoiddead data identification
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements self-service by having the profiling mechanism automatically generate A/D profiles from observed allocation and deallocation patterns without requiring manual analysis or complex detection algorithms. The cache management system uses these self-generated profiles to automatically identify and trim dead data, reducing the need for external intervention or complex measurement mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP4621579A1Profile guided memory trimming
Publication Date: 2025.09.24 GOOGLE LLC
  • EP4621579A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4621579A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4621579A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The technology is generally directed to defining an instruction for removing dead data and the related memory traffic from the cache. By defining and inserting the instruction, the cache of a computer system is optimized. The memory traffic of the cache may be optimized based on a data allocation/deallocation profile. The profile may be generated and used to determine what memory traffic incurred by the cache can be trimmed. In some examples, the profile may be generated for an allocation sample, such as from a job being executed by a computer system. The profile is then used to determine an initialization and reuse pattern of the allocation region for the job. Based on the profile, a creation and eviction strategy for the underlying cache lines can be determined and used to generate an instruction that trims the read from main memory or the upper level cache for a cache line.