Multi-dimensional property mappings for secure printed data embedding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing data embedding techniques in printed outputs face challenges in ensuring that embedded data remains undetectable under certain conditions while becoming detectable under others, particularly in authentication and security applications, where adversaries may attempt to remove or forge watermarks.
Innovation Solution
The method involves using multi-dimensional property mappings in printing systems to embed data by mapping input property values to output property values in a higher-dimensional space, creating redundancy that allows data to be embedded in a way that is imperceptible under one set of conditions but detectable under another, utilizing property mappings that change measurable properties based on conditions such as lighting, temperature, or electromagnetic conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If data is embedded in printed output using conventional methods (e.g., visible watermarks, QR codes), then data detectability is improved, but security against adversaries is worsened because the embedded data can be easily removed or forged
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies color changes by embedding data through subtle variations in print properties (such as ink density, color values, or spatial positioning) that are imperceptible to the human eye under normal viewing conditions but can be detected by a scanner or sensor. This allows the embedded data to remain hidden from adversaries while being detectable by authorized systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes parameter changes by modifying physical or chemical properties of the print medium (such as ink composition, paper treatment, or coating characteristics) that create detectable differences under specific conditions. These parameter changes enable data embedding that is undetectable visually but measurable by specialized equipment, enhancing security while maintaining detectability.
2Measurement precision
If data is embedded by altering print properties significantly, then data detectability is improved, but imperceptibility under normal conditions is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by making extremely subtle, localized modifications to individual print elements (such as slight variations in ink density or positioning of specific dots) that are below the threshold of human perception. These localized changes accumulate to encode data that can be detected by sensors but remain visually imperceptible, resolving the contradiction between detectability and imperceptibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from visual detection to a different dimension of detection by using scanner or sensor-based measurement of print properties (such as reflectance, absorption, or spatial positioning) rather than relying on human visual perception. This dimensional shift allows data to be embedded in a way that is detectable by instruments but imperceptible to humans.
Data Source
AI summary
A method of embedding data in a printed output having at least two-dimensions is described in which content data for the printed output and data to be embedded in the printed output are obtained. An input property value for a content element from the content data is determined. This is used to determine an output value for a probabilistic distribution of a set of output material compositions for a spatial element of the printed output, corresponding to the content element, based on the data to be embedded and the input property value.