Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Coupler for Torque and Speed Matching

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Solution Overview

Problem

Hybrid-electric propulsion systems face challenges in balancing and shifting power between electric and gas turbine engines, and safely coupling/decoupling these components for efficient and safe operation.

Innovation Solution

A coupler mechanism is introduced to selectively mechanically couple and decouple the electric machine, propulsor, and gas turbine engine, allowing for smooth transitions between operation modes by synchronizing speeds and torques.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional decoupling methods are used to separate electric machine and gas turbine engine components, then safety and operational efficiency are improved, but the system becomes cumbersome and requires permanent disconnection solutions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovesafetyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies the Dynamics principle by implementing a reversible coupler mechanism that can dynamically transition between coupled and decoupled states. The coupler includes movable elements (such as dog engagement features and actuation mechanisms) that allow the system to adapt its configuration based on operational requirements, enabling safe separation of components without permanent disconnection and reducing system complexity compared to traditional fixed decoupling methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If permanent disconnection methods are used to decouple components, then operational efficiency is improved, but maintenance efforts increase and system adaptability decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational efficiencyVSAvoidsystem adaptability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The reversible coupler mechanism enables dynamic reconfiguration, allowing the system to switch between coupled and decoupled states as needed. This maintains operational efficiency when coupled while restoring adaptability when decoupling is required, eliminating the need for permanent disconnection and enabling repeated operational cycles without maintenance intervention

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Ease of operation

If smooth transitions between operation modes are achieved by synchronizing speeds and torques, then ease of operation is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of mode switchingVSAvoidcoupler mechanism complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The coupler mechanism serves as an intermediary device that manages the transition between coupled and decoupled states. It includes synchronization features (such as speed and torque matching mechanisms) that facilitate smooth mode transitions, while the modular design of the coupler itself limits the increase in overall system complexity by providing a dedicated, self-contained transition management system

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP4310309B1Hybrid-electric propulsion system equipped with a coupler for switching between modes of operation
Publication Date: 2026.04.22 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP4310309B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4310309B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4310309B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A propulsion assembly includes a first torque source coupled with a first shaft and a second torque source coupled with a second shaft. A coupler selectively couples the first and second torque sources. When the first and second torque sources are coupled via the coupler, in response to a command to decouple the first torque source, an unloading operation is performed to decrease the torque output provided by the first torque source to a threshold, and when reached, the first shaft is decoupled from the coupler. When the first torque source is coupled with the coupler but the second torque source is not, in response to a command to couple the second torque source, a speed matching operation is performed to increase the speed of the second shaft to match a speed of the first shaft, and when the speeds are matched, the second shaft is coupled to the coupler.