Prostatic Disease Evaluation via Amino Acid Discriminants
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for diagnosing prostatic cancer and hypertrophy using amino acid concentrations in blood are inefficient and invasive, with low predictive value and high costs, and existing index formulas lack sufficient discriminative ability.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing specific amino acid concentrations, such as Tau, Thr, Ser, Asn, Glu, Pro, Gly, Ala, Cit, ABA, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Phe, His, Trp, Orn, Lys, and Cys2, to calculate discriminant values through multivariate discriminants like logistic regression equations, allowing for accurate discrimination between prostatic disease and disease-free states.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If prostate six sextant biopsies by transrectal ultrasonic guide are performed for definitive diagnosis, then diagnostic accuracy is improved, but patient physical burden and invasiveness increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary screening using blood amino acid concentration measurement before definitive biopsy diagnosis. By measuring amino acid concentrations (such as Arg, Lys, Met, Phe, Trp, Tyr, His, Ile, Leu, Val, Thr, Ser, Ala, Gly, Pro, Asp, Glu, Gln, Asn, Cys, Orn, Lys, Arg) and comparing them against reference values, the system identifies patients with high suspicion of prostatic cancer who should proceed to biopsy, while excluding low-risk patients who would not benefit from invasive procedures.
2Ease of operation
If PSA is used for diagnosis, then ease of measurement is improved, but ability to discriminate between prostatic cancer and prostatic hypertrophy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the diagnostic parameter from PSA (prostate-specific antigen) concentration to blood amino acid concentration ratios. Instead of measuring a single parameter (PSA), the system measures multiple amino acid concentrations and calculates specific ratios (such as Arg/Lys, Met/Lys, Phe/Lys, Trp/Lys, Tyr/Lys, His/Lys, Ile/Lys, Leu/Lys, Val/Lys, Thr/Lys, Ser/Lys, Ala/Lys, Gly/Lys, Pro/Lys, Asp/Lys, Glu/Lys, Gln/Lys, Asn/Lys, Cys/Lys, Orn/Lys) to improve discriminatory power between cancer and hypertrophy.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention combines multiple amino acid concentration measurements into a composite diagnostic approach. By analyzing the pattern of multiple amino acid ratios rather than a single marker, the system achieves better discrimination between prostatic cancer and prostatic hypertrophy, similar to how composite materials combine multiple components to achieve superior properties.
3Reliability
If all suspected patients undergo definitive biopsy, then diagnostic completeness is improved, but cost effectiveness and resource utilization deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The invention segments the patient population into high-risk and low-risk groups based on amino acid concentration profiles. By dividing the screening process into two stages (initial amino acid screening followed by selective biopsy for high-risk patients), the system maintains diagnostic completeness for those who need it while improving cost-effectiveness by avoiding unnecessary biopsies in low-risk patients.
Data Source
AI summary
According to the method of evaluating prostatic disease of the present invention, amino acid concentration data on concentration values of amino acids in blood collected from a subject to be evaluated is measured, and the state of prostatic disease including at least one of prostatic cancer and prostatic hypertrophy in the subject is evaluated based on the concentration value of at least one of Tau, Thr, Ser, Asn, Glu, Pro, Gly, Ala, Cit, ABA, Val, Met, Ile, Leu, Phe, His, Trp, Orn, Lys, and Cys2 contained in the measured amino acid concentration data of the subject.