3D Prosthesis Scaling for Surgical Planning Accuracy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current surgical planning methods for joint replacement surgeries, such as hip replacements, rely on two-dimensional acetate portrayals and x-rays, which can lead to inaccuracies in implant size and placement, resulting in longer surgeries, complications like dislocation, and premature joint wear due to misalignments.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that uses a three-dimensional representation of prostheses scaled to match two-dimensional anatomical images, with a prosthesis knowledge-based information system and anatomical landmark identification to guide accurate implant selection and placement, ensuring correct rotation and orientation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If two-dimensional acetate templates and x-rays are used for surgical planning, then the planning process is simple and quick, but the accuracy of implant size and placement determination is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from two-dimensional acetate templates to three-dimensional computer-generated models of the patient's anatomy and prosthetic devices. This dimensional enhancement allows for accurate determination of implant size, orientation, and placement by visualizing the implant within the actual three-dimensional anatomical context, resolving the inaccuracy inherent in flat two-dimensional representations.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a virtual copy of the patient's anatomy through computer-generated three-dimensional models based on medical imaging data. This virtual anatomical model serves as a digital replica that can be manipulated and measured without altering the actual patient, enabling precise pre-surgical planning while avoiding the limitations of physical acetate templates.
2Reliability
If two-dimensional acetate templates are used for implant selection, then the process is straightforward, but discrepancies in implant placement go unnoticed leading to complications
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary surgical planning and verification in the pre-surgical phase using three-dimensional visualizations. Implant size, orientation, and placement are determined and verified before the actual surgery, allowing potential issues to be identified and corrected in the virtual model rather than during the surgical procedure itself.
Solution Approach 2:
The computer-generated three-dimensional model provides immediate visual feedback on implant placement accuracy. The system allows surgeons to evaluate the fit and orientation of the prosthetic device within the anatomical model, making adjustments as needed before finalizing the surgical plan, thereby ensuring reliable implant placement.
3Measurement precision
If x-ray images are used for planning, then the equipment is simple and widely available, but the images may be rotated compared to the ideal view plane causing inaccuracies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent moves from two-dimensional x-ray images to three-dimensional computer-generated models that can be viewed from any angle. This allows the surgical plan to be created in the ideal view plane without the rotation and perspective distortion inherent in two-dimensional x-ray projections, enabling accurate determination of implant orientation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces the mechanical limitation of fixed x-ray view planes with a computational system that can generate and rotate three-dimensional models to any desired orientation. This substitution of mechanical imaging with computational modeling allows the ideal viewing angle to be selected for each surgical parameter.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for surgical planning is disclosed. A set of related two-dimensional (2D) anatomical images or 3D images is displayed. A plurality of anatomical landmarks are identified on the set of anatomical images. A three-dimensional (3D) representation of a parent prosthesis is scaled to match a scale of the 2D anatomical images based at least in part on a relationship between the anatomical landmarks. A 2D representation of the scaled 3D parent prosthesis is displayed on at least one of the 2D anatomical images. A system for surgical planning is also disclosed. The system has a prosthesis knowledge-based information system, a patient anatomical-based information system, a user interface, and a controller. The controller has an anatomical landmark identifier. The controller also has a prosthesis-to-anatomical-feature relator. The controller is configured to display a set of related two-dimensional (2D) anatomical images from the patient anatomical-based information system on the user interface.