Mechanical Prosthetic Heart Valve Reducing Coagulation Risks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Mechanical prosthetic heart valves cause blood flow disturbances leading to coagulation complications, necessitating lifelong anticoagulation treatment, which comes with risks of hemorrhage and thrombosis/embolism, especially in the mitral position where calcification and trauma to blood cells are more pronounced.
Innovation Solution
A mechanical prosthetic heart valve design featuring an annular support with two mobile flaps that reduce the exterior surface area in contact with articular extensions, minimizing blood flow disturbances and coagulation risks by eliminating the need for rinsing openings and incorporating a convex junction area to prevent turbulent flow, thereby reducing the necessity for anticoagulant drugs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of stationary object
If mechanical prosthetic heart valves are used, then the service life exceeds human lifetime and no replacement is needed, but blood flow disturbances cause coagulation complications requiring lifelong anticoagulation treatment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the articular extensions that cause blood flow disturbances and coagulation complications. By removing these harmful components while retaining the essential valve function through mobile flaps, the invention achieves a valve with extended service life that does not require lifelong anticoagulation treatment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of articular extensions into a beneficial design. Instead of having extensions that create turbulence and coagulation, the invention uses a streamlined structure where the mobile flaps rotate without harmful extensions, transforming the potential harm into a clean, coagulation-free blood flow path.
2Stability of the object's composition
If mechanical prosthetic heart valves are used, then the valve is not degradable, but blood flow disturbances lead to trauma to red cells and chronic inflammatory reaction
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the articular extensions that generate blood flow disturbances and red cell trauma. By eliminating these components while maintaining the non-degradable mechanical structure, the invention achieves a valve that does not cause chronic inflammatory reactions or blood cell damage.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the geometric parameters of the valve structure by eliminating extensions and optimizing the mobile flap configuration. This parameter change transforms the blood flow pattern from turbulent to laminar, reducing shear stress on red cells while maintaining the mechanical stability of the valve.
3Ease of operation
If mechanical prosthetic heart valves are used, then the valve geometry departs from natural model, but this generates turbulence and recirculation areas promoting coagulation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful articular extensions that create turbulence and recirculation areas. By removing these components, the invention maintains a simplified mechanical operation while eliminating the blood flow disturbances that promote coagulation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs curved and streamlined geometries in the mobile flap design to optimize blood flow. The curved surfaces and optimized angles prevent flow separation and turbulence, creating a smoother blood flow path that reduces recirculation areas while maintaining mechanical operability.
Data Source
AI summary
A mechanical prosthetic heart valve, includes an annular support on which at least two movable flaps and several articular extensions are arranged in an articulated manner. Each flap includes a central part framed by two lateral wings that each cooperate with an articular extension by way of an end portion that has an articulation facet. The two articulation facets of each flap together make up a surface area of less than 5% of the total outer surface area of the flap.