Expandable Prosthetic Mitral Valve Retention
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge in deploying a prosthetic mitral valve is retaining it in place during ventricular systole, as the mitral valve annulus is not a stable anchoring feature and must withstand high pressures in the left ventricle.
Innovation Solution
A method and device for deploying an expandable prosthetic mitral valve, involving the deployment of two components: an annulus part in the left atrium and a ventricle part in the left ventricle, which are approximated to trap native mitral valve leaflets between them, ensuring retention and function.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single-component prosthetic mitral valve is deployed across the mitral annulus, then the valve structure is simple and deployment is straightforward, but the valve cannot be retained in place during ventricular systole due to the unstable anchoring feature of the mitral annulus
Solution Approach 1:
The prosthetic mitral valve is divided into two separate components: an annulus part deployed in the left atrium and a ventricle part deployed in the left ventricle. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized for its specific location and function, with the annulus part providing anchoring in the unstable mitral annulus and the ventricle part providing structural support against ventricular pressure, thereby solving the retention problem without requiring excessive complexity in a single component.
2Ease of operation
If the prosthetic valve is anchored solely to the mitral annulus, then the deployment procedure is simple, but the valve migrates into the left atrium during systole due to high ventricular pressures
Solution Approach 1:
The solution moves from a single-plane anchoring approach (solely to the mitral annulus) to a three-dimensional distributed anchoring system. The annulus part anchors to the mitral annulus in the atrial dimension, while the ventricle part anchors to the ventricular wall or tissue in the ventricular dimension. This multi-dimensional anchoring distributes the anchoring forces across different spatial dimensions and tissue layers, preventing migration during systole while maintaining a relatively simple deployment procedure.
3Strength
If the prosthetic valve is designed to withstand high ventricular pressures, then the valve remains functional during systole, but the anchoring structure becomes complex and difficult to deploy
Solution Approach 1:
Different parts of the prosthetic valve are given different local qualities and functions. The annulus part is designed with anchoring features optimized for attachment to the mitral annulus tissue, while the ventricle part is designed with structural features optimized to withstand high ventricular pressures. This local differentiation allows each component to be specialized for its specific mechanical demands, achieving overall pressure resistance without requiring the entire anchoring structure to be overly complex.
Data Source
AI summary
Apparatus and methods are described herein including an expandable prosthetic mitral valve device that includes a first component configured to be deployed in the left atrium of a subject and a second component configured to be deployed in a left ventricle of the subject. At least one approximating component approximates the first and second components with respect to each other, such that, when the first and said second components are in an approximated configuration with respect to each other, one or more leaflets of the native mitral valve are trapped within the gap between a ventricular part and an annulus part. The approximating component secures the annulus part and the ventricular part in the approximated configuration. Other applications are also described.