Protection Board Quick Discharge Circuit for Fast Battery Shutdown
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery power management protection boards experience slow shutdown speeds due to residual capacitance at the load end or within the board, leading to inefficient discharge of the battery.
Innovation Solution
A quick discharge circuit is introduced, comprising a first and second voltage dividing circuit, a comparator, and a ground path switch, which rapidly discharges residual capacitance by activating a ground path when the comparator determines a voltage differential, thereby accelerating the shutdown process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If a conventional battery power management protection board is used without a quick discharge circuit, then the circuit structure remains simple, but the shutdown speed is slow due to residual capacitance discharge taking 45.6 seconds
Solution Approach 1:
The discharge path is segmented into two distinct paths: a first discharge path for normal discharge operations and a second discharge path for rapid discharge. This segmentation allows the system to achieve fast shutdown when needed while maintaining simple normal operation, resolving the contradiction between shutdown speed and circuit complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
A comparator is introduced as an intermediary component to detect voltage differential between the battery voltage and discharge switch control voltage. This intermediary enables automatic activation of the quick discharge path when shutdown is required, achieving fast shutdown without requiring complex control logic.
2Loss of time
If the residual capacitance is not rapidly discharged, then the circuit structure remains simple, but the discharge switch control voltage drop time remains long at 45.6 seconds
Solution Approach 1:
The quick discharge circuit is prepared in advance with the comparator continuously monitoring voltage levels and the second discharge path ready for activation. When shutdown is required, the pre-configured circuit immediately activates the rapid discharge path, reducing the voltage drop time from 45.6 seconds to 0.1 seconds without requiring complex real-time control.
Solution Approach 2:
The discharge resistance is dynamically changed by switching between two different discharge paths. The first discharge path provides normal discharge resistance, while the second discharge path provides a lower resistance for rapid discharge. This parameter change enables the system to achieve fast shutdown when needed while maintaining simple normal operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The shutdown speed of the battery power management protection board is significantly improved, reducing the discharge switch control voltage drop time from 45.6 seconds to 0.1 seconds, ensuring rapid and efficient battery discharge.
Implementation Method 1
the comparator determines that the first divided voltage is higher than the second divided voltage, the comparator outputs a conduction voltage
Implementation Method 2
receiving, by a ground path switch, the conduction voltage to turn on a ground path; and discharging a remaining capacitance of the battery power management protection board rapidly through the ground path
Data Source
AI summary
A battery power management protection board, a quick shutdown method and a quick discharge circuit thereof are provided. The quick shutdown method for the battery power management protection boar includes: receiving a battery voltage to input a first divided voltage to a comparator; receiving a discharge switch control voltage to input a second divided voltage to the comparator; outputting a conduction voltage, if the comparator determines that the first divided voltage is higher than the second divided voltage; receiving, by a ground path switch, the conduction voltage to turn on a ground path; and discharging a remaining capacitance of the battery power management protection board rapidly through the ground path.