Protective Element Wave Absorbing Structures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing protective elements for electronic products have limited breaking performance and surge resistance capabilities, often resulting in overheating, burning, and explosion due to poor design, especially in compact chip-type structures.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates wave absorbing structures with protrusions around the fusible element within the insulator, which disperse energy waves and heat impacts, preventing the fusible element from rapidly melting and jetting out, and enhancing surge resistance by ensuring even energy distribution.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Volume of moving object

If the protective element uses a compact structure (such as chip-type), then the device size is reduced, but the breaking performance and surge resistance capability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedevice sizeVSAvoidbreaking performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Volume of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The cavity wall is segmented into multiple protrusions distributed around the fusible element, creating multiple localized wave-absorbing zones that collectively improve breaking performance without increasing overall device volume

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The protrusions extend into the cavity space from the wall surface, utilizing the third dimension (radial direction) to create wave-absorbing structures that do not increase the axial or lateral dimensions of the protective element

Inventive Principle:

Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Device complexity

If the protective element uses a simple structure without wave absorbing structures, then the device complexity is reduced, but the breaking performance deteriorates due to concentrated heat impact

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestructure complexityVSAvoidbreaking performance

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The protrusions are strategically positioned on the cavity wall to face the fusible element, creating localized wave-absorbing features exactly where heat impact occurs, rather than uniformly complexifying the entire structure

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The protrusions feature curved or rounded surfaces that effectively scatter and absorb thermal waves, providing superior wave-absorbing performance compared to flat surfaces without significantly increasing structural complexity

Inventive Principle:

Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

3Speed

If the fusible element is allowed to melt rapidly under heavy current impact, then the protective response time is reduced, but harmful effects such as burning, explosion, and pollution occur

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveprotective response speedVSAvoidburning and explosion risk

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The protrusions convert the harmful concentrated thermal energy from rapid melting into beneficial dispersed thermal energy, absorbing and scattering the heat waves to prevent burning and explosion while maintaining rapid protective response

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Solution Approach 2:

The protrusions are pre-positioned on the cavity wall to provide cushioning protection against thermal waves before they can cause harmful effects, creating a protective barrier that mitigates burning and explosion risks

Inventive Principle:

Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution significantly improves breaking performance and lightning resistance, at least doubling the protective element's effectiveness by dispersing energy and preventing overheating, thus reducing the risk of explosion and pollution.

Implementation Method 1

wave absorbing structures are disposed around the fusible element in the insulator, and comprise a plurality of protrusions, the protrusions face the fusible element, and distances exist between the wave absorbing structures and the fusible element

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectWave absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 2

When a protective element is instantaneously impacted by a heavy current, an interior temperature of a product sharply raises and expands, the fusible element easily fuses off

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectThermal radiation: Thermal Radiation

Data Source

PatentUS10388483B2Protective element

Publication Date: 2019.08.20 NANJING SART SCI & TECH DEV

AI summary

Disclosed is a protective element, comprising an insulator, a fusible element, and electrodes, wherein the insulator covers a meltable part of the fusible element. The electrodes are disposed at two ends of the insulator. Two ends of the fusible element are electrically connected to the electrodes. Wave absorbing structures are disposed around the fusible element in the insulator, a plurality of protrusions is provided on the wave absorbing structures, and the protrusions face the fusible element. Distances exist between the wave absorbing structures and the fusible element. The present invention improves the shape of a fusible element and designs wave absorbing structures which can resist an impact, energy waveforms can be destroyed, impact energy is dispersed to the periphery so as to achieve the aim of wave (energy) absorbing, a breaking performance of a protective element can be at least doubled by virtue of the design of the wave absorbing structure, a manufacturing process is simple, and the protective element is suitable for batch production.