Protective Sheath Filtration for Branch Vessel Emboli Capture
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing protective systems fail to effectively intercept and capture emboli during cardiovascular interventions, particularly in endovascular aortic arch repair, leading to potential distal vascular thrombosis and irreversible damage due to incomplete apposition to varying vascular segments and the need for branch vessel protection.
Innovation Solution
A protective system comprising a protective sheath with a filtering member and a filtering and bypass device that intercepts emboli, returning filtered blood to the body, and includes a return tube system to minimize blood loss and ensure perfusion to branch vessels, with adjustable components for varying vascular shapes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a protective device is used at the distal end to intercept and capture emboli, then cerebral blood vessels are protected, but the protective device cannot achieve complete apposition to the vascular wall due to varying degrees of deformation in different vascular segments
Solution Approach 1:
The protective device is divided into multiple protective sheaths, each corresponding to different branch vessels (brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery). Each sheath can be independently deployed and adjusted to fit the specific geometric characteristics of its target vessel segment, enabling complete apposition to the vascular wall while maintaining effective emboli interception.
Solution Approach 2:
The protective sheaths are designed with flexible and adjustable structures that can dynamically adapt to the varying degrees of deformation in different vascular segments. The sheaths can be adjusted to achieve complete apposition to the vascular wall while maintaining protection effectiveness, resolving the contradiction between reliability and adaptability.
2Reliability
If a protective device is used to intercept emboli, then distal vascular thrombosis is prevented, but blood loss occurs and perfusion to branch vessels may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The filtering and bypass device acts as an intermediary between the protective sheath and the return tube. It captures emboli from the blood flow while allowing filtered blood to be returned to the body through the return tube, preventing both distal vascular thrombosis and excessive blood loss. The device maintains perfusion to branch vessels by selectively removing emboli rather than blocking entire vessels.
Solution Approach 2:
The system discards only the harmful emboli while recovering and returning the useful blood to the body. The filtering and bypass device separates emboli from blood flow, allowing the filtered blood to be returned through the return tube, thus preventing thrombosis while minimizing blood loss and maintaining perfusion.
3Reliability
If multiple branch vessels are protected with separate protective devices, then comprehensive protection is achieved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The protective system uses multiple protective sheaths that can be deployed in different branch vessels (brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery). Each sheath serves multiple functions: protecting against emboli, maintaining perfusion, and providing a platform for the filtering and bypass device. This universal design achieves comprehensive protection while managing system complexity through standardized components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively intercepts emboli, reduces blood loss, and ensures perfusion to branch vessels, minimizing surgical risks and improving patient outcomes by maintaining blood flow during interventions.
Implementation Method 1
the protective sheath includes an outer sheath tube and a filtering member arranged at a distal end of the outer sheath tube... the filtering member has a proximal opening and a distal opening
Implementation Method 2
a proximal end of the return tube is communicated with the outlet, and a distal end of the return tube is configured to return blood filtered by the filtering and bypass device to a human body
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed is a protective system, including at least one protective sheath, a filtering and bypass device, and at least one return tube. The protective sheath includes an outer sheath tube and a filtering member arranged at a distal end of the outer sheath tube; the outer sheath tube is provided with a first tube cavity; the filtering member has a proximal opening and a distal opening; the distal opening is communicated with the first tube cavity by means of the proximal opening; the filtering and bypass device has an inlet and an outlet; the inlet is communicated with the first tube cavity; a proximal end of the return tube is communicated with the outlet; and a distal end of the return tube is used for returning blood filtered by the filtering and bypass device to a human body. The protective system of the present invention can protect branch vessels in deployment processes of branch stents and can return filtered blood back to the human body so as to reduce blood loss of patients in surgical processes.