Proximity RF Connector Using Broadside Coupling to Cut PIM
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless communication systems face issues with passive intermodulation (PIM) due to small connectors and cables causing signal distortion in advanced antenna systems, which affect network reliability and data capacity.
Innovation Solution
A proximity radio frequency connector using broadside coupled transmission lines and capacitive coupling with flexible transmission lines to allow mechanical tolerances, eliminating physical metal connections between antennas and filters, and utilizing a spring mechanism for alignment and tension.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If small connectors and cables are used in AAS solutions with many sub-arrays and transceivers, then the device size is reduced, but passive intermodulation (PIM) increases causing signal distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical metal-to-metal connector contacts with a proximity coupling mechanism using broadside coupled transmission lines. The signal is transferred through electromagnetic field coupling between two PCBs spaced closely together without physical metal contact, eliminating the PIM generation associated with small mechanical connectors while maintaining compact form factor
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a dielectric layer as an intermediary between the two PCBs in the proximity connector. This dielectric enables electromagnetic coupling while preventing direct metal-to-metal contact, serving as a mediator that allows signal transmission without the harmful PIM effects of traditional mechanical connectors
2Reliability
If physical metal connections are used between antenna and filter, then signal connection is established, but PIM generation occurs causing signal distortion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent substitutes electromagnetic field coupling through broadside coupled transmission lines for traditional mechanical metal connections. The signal passes through the electromagnetic field between closely spaced PCBs without physical metal contact, maintaining reliable signal connection while eliminating PIM generation from metal-to-metal interfaces
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts and removes the metal-to-metal contact interface from the connection system. By using proximity coupling with dielectric separation, the harmful metal-to-metal interaction is completely eliminated while the essential signal transmission function is preserved through electromagnetic coupling
3Stability of the object's composition
If fixed rigid connections are used between antenna and filter, then mechanical stability is achieved, but mechanical tolerances cannot be accommodated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a flexible transmission line that can flex and deform to accommodate mechanical tolerances and misalignments between the two PCBs. This dynamic element maintains stable electrical connection despite physical variations in spacing or orientation, combining mechanical stability with adaptability to manufacturing tolerances
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides very low PIM generation while allowing separation of antennas and filters for troubleshooting, maintaining signal integrity and flexibility in mechanical tolerances.
Implementation Method 1
broadside coupled transmission lines for the signal
Implementation Method 2
capacitive coupling for the ground with a flexible transmission line
Implementation Method 3
a spring mechanism configured to bias the housing in the direction at least one of perpendicular and tangential to the proximity circuit board
Data Source
AI summary
According to one or more embodiments, a proximity radio frequency connector for electromagnetically coupling a first circuit board with a second circuit board is provided. The proximity radio frequency connector includes: a housing defining an exterior mounting surface and an interior void opposite the exterior mounting surface where the housing is mountable to the second circuit board and the housing is movable in a direction at least one of perpendicular and tangential to the second circuit board, a proximity circuit board mountable to the exterior mounting surface of the housing, and a coupling first transmission line for electromagnetically coupling a signal to the first circuit board when the first circuit board is proximate the proximity circuitry board.