Pseudo-Diamondoid Metal Complex for 1,3-Butadiene Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for separating 1,3-butadiene from mixed gases containing hydrocarbons with similar carbon numbers and boiling points, such as 1,3-butadiene, isobutene, 1-butene, 2-butene, normal butane, and isobutane, are inefficient due to poor separation performance and high energy consumption, particularly in industrial distillation and conventional porous materials.
Innovation Solution
A metal complex with a pseudo-diamondoid framework structure, composed of specific dicarboxylic acid compounds and organic ligands, is used to selectively adsorb 1,3-butadiene, allowing for its efficient separation from mixed gases through pressure or temperature swing adsorption methods.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If distillation method is used to separate 1,3-butadiene from mixed gas, then separation can be achieved, but energy consumption is too high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a porous metal complex material with specific pore size and structure to selectively adsorb 1,3-butadiene from the mixed gas. The porous structure enables size-selective and interaction-based separation, achieving high separation performance while consuming significantly less energy compared to conventional distillation methods.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes pressure swing adsorption, changing the pressure parameter to control the adsorption and desorption of 1,3-butadiene. By cycling between high pressure (adsorption) and low pressure (desorption), the system achieves continuous separation with low energy consumption, avoiding the high energy input required by distillation.
2Loss of energy
If conventional porous material is used for adsorption, then energy consumption is reduced, but separation performance is poor requiring multi-stage separation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite metal complex material combining organic ligands (such as bipyridine or terpyridine) with metal ions to create a porous structure with tailored properties. This composite material achieves both high separation performance for 1,3-butadiene and energy efficiency in a single stage, eliminating the need for multi-stage separation required by conventional porous materials.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a porous metal complex material with specific pore size and structure to selectively adsorb 1,3-butadiene from the mixed gas. The porous structure enables size-selective and interaction-based separation, achieving high separation performance while consuming significantly less energy compared to conventional distillation methods.
3Reliability
If extractive distillation method is used, then separation can be achieved, but too much energy is used to separate from polar solvent
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts 1,3-butadiene from the mixed gas phase directly onto the porous metal complex material, eliminating the need for liquid polar solvents. The adsorbed 1,3-butadiene is then released by pressure reduction, achieving separation without the energy-intensive solvent separation step required in extractive distillation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the thermal field-based extractive distillation with a pressure field-based adsorption system. By using pressure swing adsorption instead of thermal separation with solvents, the system achieves the same separation function with dramatically reduced energy consumption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The metal complex achieves higher separation performance and energy efficiency, enabling the selective recovery of 1,3-butadiene with improved cost competitiveness and reduced equipment costs by selectively adsorbing 1,3-butadiene while rejecting other hydrocarbons with similar properties.
Implementation Method 1
a metal complex which causes dynamic structural change due to external stimulation... When using this porous material as a gas adsorption material, it has been observed that there is a particular characteristic in which gas is not adsorbed below a certain pressure, but gas adsorption occurs above a certain pressure
Implementation Method 2
Applying this porous material to, for example, an adsorption material in a gas separating apparatus of a pressure swing adsorption system enables gas separation with excellent efficiency
Data Source
AI summary
The invention separating material and separation method make it possible to separate and collect 1,3-butadiene selectively from a mixed gas containing 1,3-butadiene and a C4 hydrocarbon other than 1,3-butadiene. A separating material capable of adsorbing 1,3-butadiene selectively includes: a dicarboxylic acid compound (I) represented by formula (I) (wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like); a metal ion such as a zinc ion and a cobalt ion; and a metal complex having such a structure that multiple pseudo-diamondoid frameworks are intruded mutually, wherein each of the pseudo-diamondoid frameworks comprises an organic ligand (II) that is represented by formula (II) (wherein X represents —CH2—, —CH2—CH2—, —CH═CH— or the like; and R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or the like) and is capable of being bidentately coordinated with the metal ion.