Patient-Specific Instrumentation Jig for Revision Surgery
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Solution Overview
Problem
In implant revision surgery, the removal of existing implants often damages bone surfaces, leading to imprecision in positioning and installing replacement implants due to altered conventional bone landmarks.
Innovation Solution
A patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) jig is created using imaging data to generate a virtual reference jig model with specific contact surfaces and guide interfaces, allowing precise alignment and orientation of guide references on the bone, enabling accurate cutting and implantation of replacement implants.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Manufacturing precision
If conventional cutting blocks are used for bone surface machining during implant revision, then the surgery can be performed with standard equipment, but the positioning precision deteriorates due to damaged bone surfaces and altered bone landmarks
Solution Approach 1:
The instrumentation system is divided into patient-specific components (jig with contact surface matched to implant abutment surface) and standard cutting blocks. The patient-specific jig segments the complex task of positioning by providing a pre-configured interface that matches the specific implant geometry, while standard blocks can still be used for actual cutting operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patient-specific jig is manufactured in advance based on pre-operative imaging and implant geometry data. This preliminary action creates a custom positioning interface before surgery, eliminating the need to adapt standard equipment to damaged bone surfaces during the procedure.
2Manufacturing precision
If patient-specific instrumentation jigs are manufactured to match implant abutment surfaces, then positioning precision is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patient-specific jig incorporates a contact surface that is a negative copy or complementary match of the implant abutment surface geometry. This copying approach allows the jig to be manufactured from digital models of the specific implant, ensuring precise alignment without requiring complex custom mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The patient-specific jig serves multiple functions: it provides positioning reference, defines cutting depths, establishes orientation, and interfaces with the specific implant abutment surface. By consolidating these functions into a single custom component, the system reduces the number of separate patient-specific components needed.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for creating a model of a patient-specific instrumentation jig for implant revision includes obtaining an image of part of a patient bone and of an implanted implant on the bone. A reference anchor surface(s) is identified on the bone from the image, to receive a guide reference. An implant abutment surface is determined on the implanted implant. A virtual reference jig model is generated using the identified reference anchor surface and the determined implant abutment surface, and has a contact surface corresponding to the determined implant abutment surface for complementary connection with the determined implant abutment surface, a guide interfacing portion to guide a planting of the guide reference in the reference anchor surface, and a patient-specific geometry between the contact surface and the guide interfacing portion, to position and/or orient the guide interfacing portion relative to the reference anchor surface.