PSVA Pixel Structure for Display Devices
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Solution Overview
Problem
Polymer stabilized vertical alignment (PSVA) technology in liquid crystal displays experiences light leakage and poor viewing angles due to irregular electric field distribution and disordered liquid crystal molecule arrangements near pixel and shared electrodes, leading to insufficient chroma generation and contrast ratio issues.
Innovation Solution
A pixel structure comprising a substrate unit with first and second pixel units, scanning and data units, switch units, and electrode units, where the first pixel unit has branches extending towards the edge of the substrate, and the second pixel unit has branches extending from its center, with a shading unit and switch elements to manage liquid crystal orientation and reduce light leakage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If crossed open trunks are provided in the middles of the pixel electrodes to reduce light leakage, then light leakage is reduced, but the aperture ratio is reduced and viewing angle performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel electrode is divided into multiple branches (first pixel branch, second pixel branch, third pixel branch, fourth pixel branch) extending from different locations. This segmentation allows the electrode to cover the entire pixel area without requiring central crossed trunks, thereby maintaining aperture ratio while preventing light leakage through proper branch arrangement.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of using a central crossed trunk structure (two-dimensional overlap), the patent extends pixel branches in multiple directions from different locations (first, second, third, fourth branches). This multi-dimensional approach covers the same functional area without reducing the transparent aperture area, thus maintaining both light leakage prevention and aperture ratio.
2Reliability
If liquid crystal molecules are doped with monomer compounds and subjected to polymerization to achieve stabilized alignment, then contrast ratio and lightness are improved, but irregular electric field distribution causes disordered molecule arrangement leading to light leakage
Solution Approach 1:
Different regions of the pixel structure are given different functions: the first and second pixel branches extend from the center towards edges, while the third and fourth pixel branches extend from side edges towards the center. This local differentiation creates uniform electric field distribution across different regions, ensuring ordered liquid crystal molecule alignment throughout the pixel area and preventing light leakage while maintaining contrast ratio.
3Area of stationary object
If pixel branches extend from center towards edge to improve aperture ratio, then aperture ratio is improved, but electric field distribution becomes irregular causing disordered liquid crystal arrangement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs asymmetric extension patterns for different pixel branches: first and second branches extend from center towards edges at specific angles, while third and fourth branches extend from side edges towards center. This asymmetric multi-directional arrangement creates a more uniform electric field distribution compared to simple radial extensions, ensuring ordered liquid crystal alignment while maintaining high aperture ratio.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed pixel structure enhances viewing angles, reduces light leakage, and improves the aperture ratio by dividing the substrate into regions, treating disordered liquid crystal orientations, and allowing for multi-directional liquid crystal deflection, thereby improving display quality.
Implementation Method 1
The liquid crystal molecules deflect under the action of an electric field provided by pixel electrodes and shared electrodes
Implementation Method 2
monomers are subjected to polymerization reaction by virtue of an ultraviolet irradiation in order to generate a polymer layer
Data Source
AI summary
This application discloses a pixel structure and a display device. The pixel structure includes a substrate unit, a first pixel unit, a second pixel unit, a scanning unit, a data unit, a switch unit, a shading unit and a plurality of electrode units. The first pixel unit, the second pixel unit, the scanning unit and the data unit are located on the substrate unit, respectively. The switch unit is electrically connected to the first pixel unit, the second pixel unit, the scanning unit and the data unit. The shading unit is located on the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit.