Psychoacoustic Masking Model for Dynamic Audio Bit Allocation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing audio encoding models fail to accurately capture the masking behavior of the human hearing system, leading to inefficient bit allocation and reduced audio quality, particularly for signals with dynamic level changes.

Innovation Solution

A psychoacoustic model that calculates masking thresholds based on sensitivity values and energy values for each frequency band, adjusting the excitation function to better match human hearing characteristics, thereby improving bit allocation and audio quality.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional psychoacoustic models are used to estimate masking thresholds, then the encoding process can proceed with standard compression techniques, but the bit allocation is inefficient and audio quality deteriorates for signals with dynamic level changes

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaudio qualityVSAvoidbit allocation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by transitioning from static masking threshold estimates to dynamic estimates that adapt to the actual signal characteristics. The model continuously adjusts masking thresholds based on measured signal energy and frequency content, allowing the encoder to optimize bit allocation in real-time according to the specific audio signal being processed, thereby improving both quality and efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes key parameters in the masking threshold calculation by incorporating signal energy measurements and frequency band analysis. Instead of using fixed psychoacoustic models, the system dynamically adjusts masking thresholds based on actual signal parameters (energy, frequency distribution), enabling optimal bit allocation that adapts to varying audio conditions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If masking thresholds are overestimated, then fewer bits are allocated to frequency bands, but this results in audible distortion and reduced audio quality

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebit allocation efficiencyVSAvoidaudio quality
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback by measuring the actual signal energy and using this information to adjust masking threshold estimates. The system continuously monitors signal characteristics and modifies masking thresholds accordingly, creating a closed-loop system that prevents both over- and under-allocation of bits while maintaining optimal audio quality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Reliability

If masking thresholds are underestimated, then more bits are allocated to frequency bands, but this wastes bits that could be allocated to neighboring frequency bands

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaudio qualityVSAvoidbit allocation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by analyzing and allocating bits independently to each frequency band based on its specific characteristics. Instead of using uniform masking thresholds across all bands, the system calculates localized masking thresholds for each frequency band, considering its specific energy content and acoustic properties, thereby optimizing bit allocation locally while maintaining overall efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP4070309B1A psychoacoustic model for audio processing
Publication Date: 2026.03.18 DOLBY LABORATORIES LICENSING CORP
  • EP4070309B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4070309B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4070309B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure relates to the field of audio coding, in particular, it relates to a method for encoding audio signals through a masking model based on a hearing threshold of frequency intervals of the audio signal and a measured energy of the audio signal for the corresponding frequency intervals. The disclosure further relates to an encoder that is capable of carrying out the audio encoding method.