Pt Lower Electrode Crystallinity and Ti Precipitation in Piezoelectric Devices

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods struggle to simultaneously achieve improved piezoelectric properties of thin films by Ti precipitation and crystallinity of the lower electrode, as excessive Ti precipitation inhibits crystal growth of the lower electrode, leading to a tradeoff between the two effects.

Innovation Solution

A piezoelectric device with a Pt lower electrode having a crystal grain size of 75 nm to 150 nm, where Ti is precipitated from the bonding layer onto the lower electrode, allowing Ti to serve as crystal nuclei for the piezoelectric thin film while maintaining appropriate crystallinity, thereby enhancing both Ti precipitation and lower electrode crystallinity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If Ti is deposited in large amount on the lower electrode to improve piezoelectric properties, then the piezoelectric properties of the thin film are improved, but the crystallinity of the lower electrode deteriorates due to inhibition of crystal growth

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepiezoelectric propertiesVSAvoidcrystallinity of lower electrode
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by precisely controlling the substrate temperature during Pt deposition to fall within 100°C to 400°C. This temperature parameter control enables Ti atoms to precipitate as seeds on the Pt surface without excessive Ti accumulation that would inhibit Pt crystal growth. The controlled temperature ensures both Ti seed formation for piezoelectric property improvement and maintenance of Pt electrode crystallinity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies local quality by creating localized Ti seed regions on the Pt electrode surface rather than uniform Ti distribution. The Ti atoms precipitate as discrete seeds that provide localized nucleation sites for PZT film growth, improving piezoelectric properties without creating continuous Ti layers that would inhibit Pt crystal growth throughout the electrode

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Productivity

If the deposition time is shortened to achieve 1.5% atom ratio of Ti to Pt, then the productivity is improved, but the uniformity of the deposited film deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition timeVSAvoiduniformity of deposited film
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies self-service by utilizing the Pt electrode itself as the source of heating during deposition. The Pt layer absorbs deposition energy and maintains the substrate temperature within the optimal 100°C to 400°C range, enabling Ti atoms to automatically precipitate as uniform seeds across the Pt surface during the deposition process without requiring external heating or extended deposition time

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively improves the piezoelectric properties of the thin film and the crystallinity of the lower electrode, achieving a balance between the two effects and enabling efficient inkjet head operation with improved ink ejection characteristics.

Implementation Method 1

Ti is precipitated from the bonding layer onto the lower electrode

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPrecipitation: Precipitation

Implementation Method 2

the Ti islands can serve as crystal nuclei to control the orientation of PZT during the deposition of the PZT film

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNucleation: Nucleation

Implementation Method 3

A lower electrode including Pt is formed on the bonding layer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhysical Vapour Deposition: Physical Vapour Deposition

Implementation Method 4

the Ti islands can serve as crystal nuclei to control the orientation of PZT during the deposition of the PZT film

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEpitaxy: Epitaxy

Data Source

PatentEP3067946B1Piezoelectric device, inkjet head, inkjet printer and method for producing piezoelectric device
Publication Date: 2021.11.10 KONICA MINOLTA INC
  • EP3067946B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3067946B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3067946B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

An actuator as a piezoelectric device has a bonding layer (24) including titanium (Ti), a lower electrode (25) including platinum (Pt), a piezoelectric thin film (26), and an upper electrode formed in this order on a substrate. Ti particles (24a) precipitate from the bonding layer (24) onto the lower electrode (25). Pt that forms the lower electrode (25) has a crystal grain size of 75 nm to 150 nm.