PTC Heat-Generating Element with Retaining Tabs for Reliable Contact

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing heat-generating elements for motor vehicles face challenges in achieving permanent and reliable electrical and thermal contact between PTC elements and contact plates, while also requiring economical production and easy handling, especially under varying temperature conditions and significant vibrations.

Innovation Solution

The heat-generating element features PTC elements with contact plates having retaining tabs that grip the PTC elements in a form-fitting manner through an insulating layer, providing elastic prestressing for secure and durable contact, and using a thermally conductive compound for enhanced heat dissipation, with an insulating layer covering the PTC element for high-voltage applications.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If adhesive bonding is used to connect PTC element and contact plates, then handling as a single unit is improved, but contact durability and reliability deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehandling easeVSAvoidcontact durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the contact plate and retaining function into a single integrated component. The contact plate includes integrated retaining tabs that mechanically retain the PTC element while maintaining electrical and thermal contact, eliminating the need for separate adhesive bonding or spring components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The contact plate is segmented into functional zones: a contact surface area for electrical/thermal contact with the PTC element, and retaining tabs extending from the contact plate that mechanically secure the PTC element. This segmentation allows simultaneous achievement of durable contact and easy handling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Reliability

If external springs are used to pre-tension elements, then contact reliability is improved, but device complexity and manufacturing cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontact reliabilityVSAvoidstructural complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the functions of contact plate, retaining mechanism, and spring element into a single integrated contact plate component. The retaining tabs provide both mechanical retention and elastic pre-tensioning without requiring separate spring components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The contact plate structure is designed to automatically provide pre-tensioning through its own geometry. The retaining tabs are formed with inherent elasticity that self-generates the pre-tensioning force needed to maintain reliable contact, without requiring external spring components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Reliability

If insulating layer is added to cover PTC element, then electrical insulation is improved, but heat dissipation efficiency deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical insulationVSAvoidheat dissipation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies insulating properties locally only where electrical insulation is needed (at the edges and sides of the PTC element) rather than covering the entire heat-generating surface. This allows heat dissipation from the main heating surfaces while providing electrical insulation where required for safety.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The insulating layer acts as an intermediary that provides electrical insulation between the PTC element and surrounding conductive components while being positioned to minimize its impact on heat dissipation. The insulation is applied selectively to non-heat-dissipating surfaces.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures reliable and long-lasting electrical and thermal contact, improves fatigue strength, and facilitates economical production by forming a pre-assembled unit that can withstand temperature variations and vibrations, while being suitable for direct use in liquid heaters.

Implementation Method 1

providing elastic prestressing for secure and durable contact

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic prestressing: Elasticity

Implementation Method 2

using a thermally conductive compound for enhanced heat dissipation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3598847B1Heat-generating element and method for producing the same
Publication Date: 2021.09.29 EBERSPACHER CATEM GMBH & CO KG
  • EP3598847B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3598847B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3598847B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present invention relates to a heat-generating element comprising a PTC element (2) and electrically conductive contact plates (6) for supplying current to the PTC element (2) with different polarities. To ensure permanent and reliable contact between the contact plate and the PTC element, and to facilitate easy handling of the heat-generating element during manufacturing, the invention proposes providing at least one of the contact plates (6) with retaining tabs (12) that rest against the PTC element (2) on an opposite side surface (4) to which the other contact plate (6) is electrically conductively connected, with an insulating layer interposed, thus positively engaging the PTC element (2).