Pulsatile Water Jet Hemostasis for Precise Tissue Resection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing surgical methods for tissue incision, particularly in prostate surgery, result in prolonged healing times, excessive bleeding, inaccurate cuts, and increased recovery times due to inefficient tissue removal techniques such as electrocautery and laser coagulation, which may require additional steps and can lead to undesirable heat transfer and increased blood transfusions.
Innovation Solution
The use of a water jet apparatus that induces cavitation and pulsatile shear waves to promote hemostasis by affecting vascular tissue at a distance from the incision site, promoting clotting through mechanisms like thrombosis, shear stress, and endothelial cell interaction, allowing for controlled tissue removal with reduced bleeding and improved accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-generated harmful factors
If electrocautery and laser coagulation are used to control bleeding, then bleeding is reduced, but treatment time increases and heat transfer causes additional tissue damage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces thermal-based hemostasis methods (electrocautery, laser) with a mechanical cavitation-based water jet system. The water jet generates cavitation bubbles that collapse to mechanically disrupt blood vessels and promote clotting through shear stress, eliminating the need for heat-based coagulation and reducing treatment time without thermal damage
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical parameters of the water jet (pressure, flow rate, cavitation intensity) to optimize both hemostasis and tissue removal efficiency. By adjusting these parameters, the system achieves effective bleeding control without requiring additional treatment steps, resolving the time-loss contradiction
2Temperature
If prior water jet cutting is used to remove tissue, then heat transfer to tissue is reduced, but bleeding increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges tissue removal and hemostasis functions into a single integrated water jet process. The cavitation mechanism simultaneously achieves both tissue ablation and blood vessel disruption that promotes clotting, eliminating the need for separate hemostasis steps while maintaining low heat transfer
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs pulsatile water jet delivery with periodic cavitation cycles. This periodic action creates repeated shear stress events that effectively promote clotting in blood vessels while maintaining precise control over tissue removal, resolving the bleeding issue without sacrificing the low heat transfer advantage
3Productivity
If prior surgical methods are used for tissue incision, then tissue removal is achieved, but healing time and recovery time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical and thermal surgical instruments with a cavitation-based water jet system. This mechanical substitution achieves cleaner tissue separation with less trauma to surrounding tissues, reducing inflammation and accelerating healing and recovery times while maintaining high tissue removal efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the phase transition of water (liquid to vapor to liquid) during cavitation bubble formation and collapse. This phase transition mechanism delivers concentrated mechanical energy for precise tissue incision with minimal thermal spread, improving surgical efficiency and reducing tissue trauma that would extend healing time
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus is configured to provide hemostasis with tissue removal in order to inhibit one or more of blood loss or tissue drainage. In many embodiments, a nozzle releases a liquid jet in a liquid medium in order to provide cavitation and a plurality of shedding pulses. The liquid jet, its cavitation and the plurality of shedding pulses can affect vascular tissue in order to promote clotting in order to inhibit bleeding. In many embodiments, vessels of the vascular tissue are affected at a distance from a region where cavitation of the water jet contacts the tissue. In many embodiments, the cavitation and plurality of shedding pules are related to a pulsatile shear wave propagating along the blood vessel that is related to clot promoting changes of the blood vessel.