Pulse Charging Circuit With Energy Absorption for Fast EV Battery Charging

The patent extracts and isolates the reverse current from the power grid by introducing an energy absorption circuit that specifically handles negative pulse currents. This separation allows the bidirectional pulse charging to proceed without the reverse current being absorbed by the power grid, thereby maintaining charging and discharging capacities while achieving fast charging speeds.

The energy absorption circuit acts as an intermediary component between the battery and the power grid. It mediates the reverse current by providing a dedicated path for negative pulse currents to be absorbed and dissipated, preventing these currents from being absorbed by the power grid and thus resolving the contradiction between fast charging and maintaining battery capacities.

The patent employs periodic bidirectional pulse charging with alternating positive and negative pulse currents. This periodic action allows the battery to undergo repeated charging and discharging cycles at the cellular level, which prevents lithium precipitation by continuously reversing ion deposition and reduces heat generation through the pulsed nature of the current, thereby achieving fast charging without compromising battery safety.

The patent converts the potentially harmful reverse current into a beneficial effect by using it to prevent lithium precipitation. The negative pulse currents, which would normally be harmful if absorbed by the power grid, are instead used to reverse ion deposition in the battery, preventing lithium dendrite formation and reducing heat accumulation, thus transforming a harmful factor into a safety mechanism.