Pulse Cleaning Filter System with Tee-Style Header
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pulse cleaning filter systems for gas turbines and combustion turbines are expensive to fabricate and install, with immersion-type headers reducing free volume and increasing pressure drop, limiting filter cleaning capacity and requiring complex bending and alignment of blowpipes.
Innovation Solution
A pulse cleaning filter system with a planar tubesheet and cylindrical filter cartridges, featuring a tee-style compressed gas header and right-angle pulse valves that minimize pressure drop and allow larger gas flow rates, using stub pipes and pulse manifold pipes with a single ninety-degree bend, and shorter, single-piece filter cartridges for efficient cleaning.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If immersion type pulse headers are used, then filter cleaning capability is provided, but free volume is reduced and pressure drop increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse cleaning system is segmented into separate components: a pulse generating unit, a distribution manifold with multiple outlets, and individual pulse valves for each filter cartridge. This segmentation allows the pulse generation and distribution functions to be separated from the filter cartridges themselves, eliminating the need for immersion-type headers and reducing pressure drop while maintaining cleaning capability.
Solution Approach 2:
A distribution manifold acts as an intermediary between the pulse generating unit and the filter cartridges. The manifold receives compressed gas pulses and distributes them through multiple outlets to different filter cartridges via pulse valves, eliminating the need for complex internal blowpipes within the header and reducing pressure drop.
2Productivity
If immersion type headers with internal blowpipes are used, then pulse cleaning is achieved, but manufacturing cost and installation complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the pulse cleaning function into separate modular components that can be manufactured and installed independently. The pulse generating unit, distribution manifold, and pulse valves are separate from the filter cartridges, simplifying manufacturing and installation compared to integrated immersion-type headers.
Solution Approach 2:
The pulse generation and distribution functions are extracted from the filter cartridge assembly and placed in separate external units. This extraction eliminates the need for complex internal blowpipes within the header, reducing manufacturing complexity and cost while maintaining the pulse cleaning function.
3Area of stationary object
If long two-piece filter cartridge pairs are used, then filter area is increased, but number of cartridges that can be cleaned by single pulse valve is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The filter system is divided into multiple filter cartridges that can be independently controlled by individual pulse valves. Each pulse valve can service one or more cartridges, and the segmentation allows flexible configuration to maximize the number of cartridges cleaned per pulse valve while maintaining adequate filter area.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses shorter filter cartridges rather than long two-piece pairs, allowing multiple cartridges to be served by each pulse valve. This partial approach to cartridge length optimizes the balance between total filter area and the number of cartridges that can be effectively cleaned by a single pulse valve.
4Ease of operation
If additional bends are added to blowpipes for alignment, then horizontal pipe sections can be positioned, but pressure drop increases and filter cleaning capacity is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse distribution system uses a segmented approach with a distribution manifold having multiple outlets, each connected to individual pulse valves. This eliminates the need for long bent blowpipes and multiple alignment bends, reducing pressure drop while maintaining ease of installation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from a one-dimensional blowpipe arrangement requiring multiple bends to a three-dimensional distribution manifold with multiple outlets. This dimensional change allows horizontal pipe sections to be positioned without additional bends, reducing pressure drop and improving filter cleaning capacity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system is simpler, cheaper to manufacture, and easier to service, with improved cleaning efficiency and capacity, allowing for efficient removal of particles from filter cartridges with reduced pressure drop and increased flow rates.
Implementation Method 1
gas pulses, typically, air pulses, are introduced periodically against the direction of the normal air stream through the tubesheet openings into the filter cartridges. The gas pulses remove particulate matter collected on the inlet surfaces of the filter cartridges
Implementation Method 2
Filtration of the ambient air by using an inlet filter system is required in order to protect the gas turbine or the combustion turbine from the negative effects of contaminated air
Data Source
AI summary
A pulse cleaning filter system has a housing with an inlet side and an outlet side separated by a planar tubesheet. The housing includes multiple tubesheet openings forming multiple rows. Multiple cylindrical filter cartridges have an open end sealed around one of the tubesheet openings and a closed end at the inlet side of the housing. A filter cleaning system includes a compressed gas header extending perpendicular to a normal of the tubesheet, multiple compressed gas outlet stub pipes extending from the header, right angle pulse valves connecting each of the stub pipes to a pulse manifold pipe including a first straight portion, a ninety degree bend at the outlet side of the housing, and a second straight portion at the outlet side of the housing. A gas pulse nozzle has a main injection axis directed along the central axis of the filter cartridge.