Cooling module using electrical pulses
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for converting thermal energy into electrical energy are inefficient, particularly when temperature differences are small, limiting their practical utility in generating electrical power.
Innovation Solution
The Carver Voltaic Effect (CVE) circuit utilizes a coupled inductor with a negative resistance device and a thermal exchanger to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, leveraging high dV/dt transients and resonant cavities filled with materials of varying permittivity and permeability to enhance energy conversion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional thermoelectric conversion devices (thermocouples) or heat engines (Carnot/Stirling) are used to convert thermal energy to electrical energy, then the conversion can be achieved, but the efficiency is low (15-30%) and requires substantial temperature differentials
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by utilizing high dV/dt (rate of change of voltage) transients to fundamentally alter the energy conversion mechanism. Instead of relying on steady-state temperature differentials, the system uses rapidly changing electrical parameters to extract energy from thermal fields, enabling efficient conversion with minimal temperature gradients.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces mechanical heat engines (Carnot, Stirling) and conventional thermoelectric devices with an electrical field-based system. By substituting mechanical moving parts and steady-state thermal gradients with dynamic electrical transients, the system achieves superior efficiency without requiring substantial temperature differentials.
2Ease of operation
If small temperature differences (a few degrees Celsius) are used with conventional methods, then the system is simpler to operate, but the practical utility is limited due to very low efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the operational parameters from steady-state thermal gradients to dynamic high dV/dt electrical transients. This parameter transformation allows the system to maintain ease of operation with small temperature differences while dramatically improving electrical power generation efficiency, making previously unusable small temperature differentials practically valuable.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs periodic electrical pulses with high dV/dt characteristics to continuously extract energy from the thermal field. This periodic action enables sustained electrical power generation from small temperature differences, transforming a previously limited condition into a viable power source for portable and stationary applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables efficient conversion of thermal energy to electrical energy even with small temperature differences, providing a convenient and powerful method for generating electrical power suitable for various applications, including portable devices and larger stationary systems.
Implementation Method 1
The Carver Voltaic Effect (CVE) circuit utilizes a coupled inductor with a negative resistance device and a thermal exchanger to convert thermal energy into electrical energy
Implementation Method 2
The Carver Voltaic Effect (CVE) circuit utilizes a coupled inductor with a negative resistance device and a thermal exchanger to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, leveraging high dV/dt transients
Implementation Method 3
The Carver Voltaic Effect (CVE) circuit utilizes a coupled inductor with a negative resistance device and a thermal exchanger to convert thermal energy into electrical energy
Data Source
AI summary
A circuit for cooling is disclosed. The circuit uses a pulse generator in combination with a conductor. A cooling effect of the circuit on the conductor can be used and can be used in conjunction with a Carnot or Stirling engine. A resultant energy applied to a load is larger than the energy supplied by the pulse generator due to the absorption of external energy by the conductor.