Multi-Sensor Pulse Impact Localization in Noisy Turbine Components
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for detecting pulse-type mechanical effects on system parts, such as loose parts in gas turbines, face challenges in distinguishing these effects from high background noise levels, particularly in identifying the location of such events with precision due to limitations in signal-to-noise ratio and time window sensitivity.
Innovation Solution
A method involving multiple sensors that convert operating noise into measurement signals, using mathematical transformation rules to derive evaluation functions within sequential time windows, comparing these functions to threshold values, and determining the location based on propagation time differences, with adjustable time steps and thresholds to enhance detection precision.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple sensors and mathematical transformation rules are used to detect pulse-type mechanical effects, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the detection process into multiple stages: initial signal acquisition by multiple sensors, first mathematical transformation to generate evaluation functions, threshold comparison to identify pulse-type effects, and second transformation to determine propagation times. This segmentation allows complex detection to be broken down into manageable steps, improving precision while controlling complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary mathematical transformations and generates evaluation functions before final effect location determination. By pre-processing signals and establishing thresholds in advance, the system prepares detection criteria that simplify real-time analysis and improve measurement precision without requiring all complexity to be present simultaneously.
2Measurement precision
If time windows are adjusted to enhance sensitivity for pulse detection, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs adjustable time windows that can be dynamically configured based on the expected characteristics of pulse-type effects. By making the time window parameter variable rather than fixed, the system can optimize sensitivity for different detection scenarios while managing the time required for analysis, thus improving measurement precision without excessive time loss.
3Measurement precision
If multiple sensors are deployed to locate pulse-type effects, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses multiple sensors arranged in space to detect pulse-type effects from different positions. By utilizing the spatial dimension and measuring propagation times between sensors, the system achieves precise location determination through time difference of arrival (TDOA) calculations, transforming a complex spatial problem into a solvable temporal analysis.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for more accurate and precise detection of pulse-type mechanical effects, even in high-noise environments, by optimizing time window sizes and thresholds, enabling timely identification of potential damage and preventing extensive damage to gas turbines.
Implementation Method 1
a plurality P of measuring pickups or sensors 41, . . . 4s, . . . 4P, in particular piezoelectric acceleration pickups, that respectively continuously detect
Implementation Method 2
a first magnitude of a transform of each measurement signal is determined with the aid of prescribed first parameters of a mathematical transformation rule
Implementation Method 3
the location of the effect is determined from the instants at which the second evaluation functions respectively fulfill a prescribed criterion, and from propagation time differences resulting therefrom
Data Source
AI summary
A method and device detect a position of a pulsed mechanical effect on a plant component. An operating noise in the plant component is continuously recorded by sensors which are arranged on the plant component and converted by the above into a measured signal. The measured signals of the sensors undergo a transformation in a first time window. A first evaluation function is derived from a plurality of first transformations determined in this manner, the evaluation functions display an appearance of the pulsed mechanical effect. Accordingly, when detecting an effect following the second shorter time window having the same algorithms, second transformed and respectively, second evaluation functions are derived, from which, respectively, one time point is determined. Wherein the sound signal produced by the effect impacts upon the sensor. From there, running time differences produced between the sensors can be exactly reconstructed on the position of the effect.