Capacitor Voltage Drop in Pulse Power Supply
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supplies using capacitors to form electric pulses are limited by the large space they occupy, as only 10% of the energy stored is utilized, making it difficult to downscale integrated circuit boards due to the fixed size of capacitors.
Innovation Solution
A power supply design that charges a storage capacitor to a maximum voltage and reduces its voltage by at least 30% during pulse generation, using a buck-boost converter or flyback converter to provide pulses with a pulse voltage greater than the input voltage, while compensating for voltage reduction, thereby reducing the size of the storage capacitor and the overall power supply.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stability of the object's composition
If the storage capacitor is designed to maintain voltage within 10% drop, then the pulse voltage stability is improved, but the capacitor size and power supply area increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the voltage utilization parameter by allowing the storage capacitor voltage to drop by 30-70% during pulse generation, rather than maintaining it within 10%. This parameter change enables the use of smaller capacitors while still achieving acceptable pulse voltage stability through active compensation control.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback control mechanism where the actual pulse voltage is measured and compared with the target voltage, and the difference is used to adjust the switching duty cycle of the buck-boost converter. This feedback loop compensates for the larger voltage drop, maintaining pulse voltage stability despite the reduced capacitor size.
2Area of stationary object
If the storage capacitor voltage is reduced by 30% or more during pulse generation, then the capacitor size is reduced, but the voltage compensation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The buck-boost converter is designed to perform multiple functions: it steps up the voltage during charging, steps down during discharging, and actively compensates for voltage drops through duty cycle adjustment. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate compensation circuits, managing complexity while enabling larger voltage swings.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs dynamic duty cycle adjustment in the buck-boost converter to adapt to changing capacitor voltage conditions. The controller dynamically modifies the switching duty cycle in real-time to compensate for voltage drops, enabling the system to handle 30-70% voltage reductions while maintaining stable output.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the capacitor is discharged more extensively (30%+ voltage drop), then the energy utilization efficiency is improved, but the pulse width may increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses periodic pulsed operation with controlled duty cycles to deliver energy in discrete bursts. By optimizing the pulse width and repetition frequency of the buck-boost converter operation, the system achieves high energy utilization from the capacitor while maintaining precise control over the output pulse width, preventing excessive broadening.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the size of the power supply by more than 60% and allows for a 25-40% reduction in size, enabling the generation of electric pulses with higher power and constant voltage, while minimizing the increase in pulse width and energy delivery time.
Implementation Method 1
a storage capacitor (8), wherein the input circuit (6) is configured to charge the storage capacitor (8)
Implementation Method 2
the use of a buck-boost converter, or a flyback converter in a power supply, wherein the buck-boost converter or the flyback converter are configured to form an electric pulse having a pulse voltage being greater than an input voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A power supply for providing an electric pulse to an electrical consumer is shown. The power supply has an input circuit, a storage capacitor, and an output circuit. The input circuit is configured to charge the storage capacitor up to a maximum voltage. The output circuit is configured to provide one or more pulses having a pulse voltage on the basis of a charge stored in the storage capacitor and to compensate for a reduction of the voltage of the storage capacitor by at least 30% down from the maximum voltage. Moreover, the power supply is configured such that the voltage of the storage capacitor is reduced by at least 30% during the generation of one or more pulses.