Passive Pulse Water Flow Adjustment for Reactor Cooling
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Solution Overview
Problem
In pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants, coolant loss or main steam pipeline rupture leads to rapid increases in internal pressure and temperature, necessitating efficient heat removal through water film evaporation and convection, but existing systems do not adequately maximize water film evaporation heat exchange, resulting in inefficient cooling water usage.
Innovation Solution
A passive pulse water flow adjustment device that uses a water storage container with a pulse water flow adjustment structure to provide non-continuous, pulse water flow to a high-temperature wall surface, enhancing evaporation heat exchange by intermittently stopping and restarting water flow, thereby increasing the evaporation heat exchange ratio while reducing the total water film flow and storage tank volume.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If continuous water flow is used for cooling, then the cooling effect is maintained, but the water film evaporation heat exchange proportion is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies periodic action by using a pulse water flow adjustment structure that intermittently releases water in pulses rather than continuous flow. This periodic water release creates alternating wet and dry periods on the heat exchange surface, allowing the surface temperature to rise during dry periods and then rapidly cool during wet periods, thereby increasing the temperature difference and evaporation heat exchange proportion while maintaining effective cooling.
2Productivity
If the water film flow rate is increased to enhance cooling, then the cooling capacity improves, but the required storage tank volume increases
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse water flow adjustment structure releases water in concentrated pulses rather than continuous flow, creating high-intensity cooling periods that achieve the required cooling capacity with less total water volume. This allows the storage tank to be smaller while still meeting cooling demands, as the pulsed delivery concentrates the cooling effect into high-impact intervals.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the flow rate parameter dynamically through pulsed delivery, alternating between high flow rate during pulse periods and zero flow rate during intervals. This parameter variation allows the system to achieve effective cooling with lower average water consumption, reducing the required storage tank volume while maintaining adequate cooling capacity.
3Volume of stationary object
If the water storage container is made smaller to reduce volume, then the device complexity is reduced, but the ability to provide sufficient water flow is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse water flow adjustment structure enables a smaller water storage container to provide sufficient water flow by delivering water in concentrated pulses rather than requiring continuous flow capability. The pulsed delivery concentrates the water supply into high-intensity intervals, allowing a smaller tank to meet the total water delivery requirements that would otherwise demand a larger continuous supply system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device effectively increases the evaporation heat exchange ratio, reduces the required water film flow and storage tank volume, operates without power, and prevents water splashing, ensuring efficient and reliable cooling with a drainage structure that maintains a continuous water film on vertical surfaces.
Implementation Method 1
the overall center of gravity of the water storage container is located behind the installation nodes far away from the water outlet, the water storage container is turned counterclockwise until the first limiting member, the water outlet faces upwards, after water flows into the water storage container from the water outlet, the overall center of gravity of the water storage container moves toward the direction of the water outlet
Implementation Method 2
During the flow of the water film along the outer surface of the containment wall, a large amount of surface evaporation heat exchange occurs through the convection of the air flow on the surface of the water film
Implementation Method 3
a large amount of surface evaporation heat exchange occurs through the convection of the air flow on the surface of the water film
Implementation Method 4
the temperature of the water film continues to increase in the direction of the flow, resulting in a single phase convection heat exchange
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a passive pulse water flow adjustment device for water flow cooling. The device includes a water storage container and a pulse water flow adjustment structure, wherein the water storage container is arranged in front of a to-be-cooled high-temperature wall surface through the pulse water flow adjustment structure, and the pulse water flow adjustment structure provides a non-continuous pouring pulse water flow for the high-temperature wall surface. This device is used to cool the high-temperature wall surface, and when being cooled, the high-temperature wall surface is poured by the pulse water flow.