Single-Site Pulse Wave Velocity Estimation from Pressure Waveform
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for measuring Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) in the aorta are either invasive, time-consuming, or prone to errors due to the need for multiple site measurements and complex algorithms, which hinders early detection and effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Innovation Solution
A method estimating PWV from a single site pressure waveform measurement, involving the estimation of central pressure waveform, aortic pressure pulse transit time, and carotid to femoral arterial distance, using non-invasive techniques and signal processing to decompose the waveform into incident and reflected components, allowing for accurate calculation of PWV without requiring multiple site measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If PWV is measured using traditional methods with multiple site measurements and complex algorithms, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and time consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential information needed for PWV calculation from a single pressure waveform measurement, eliminating the need for multiple site measurements. By focusing on key waveform features (foot-to-peak time, amplitude ratios) from one measurement site, the system achieves accurate PWV estimation while大幅 reducing measurement complexity and time requirements
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary computational model that translates single-site pressure waveform characteristics into PWV estimates. This model acts as a mediator between the simple single-site measurement and the complex physiological parameter (PWV), enabling accurate estimation without direct multi-site measurement while maintaining measurement precision
2Measurement precision
If PWV is measured using traditional methods with multiple site measurements, then measurement precision is improved, but loss of time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary analysis of the pressure waveform by identifying key features (foot, peak, amplitude ratios) during the measurement process itself. This preliminary extraction of critical information from a single waveform enables immediate PWV calculation without requiring subsequent visits or additional measurements, significantly reducing total measurement time while preserving accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of performing complete multi-site measurements, the patent uses partial action by measuring only at a single site and extracting sufficient information from that one measurement. The waveform analysis focuses on the essential features needed for PWV calculation, achieving adequate precision with less measurement effort and time
3Measurement precision
If PWV is measured using invasive techniques, then measurement precision is improved, but object-affected harmful factors increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical measurement techniques with non-invasive pressure waveform analysis. By using simple pressure sensors to record waveform characteristics and applying signal processing algorithms, the system achieves accurate PWV estimation without penetrating the skin or introducing foreign objects into the body, eliminating associated discomfort and infection risks
Data Source
AI summary
A method of estimating blood pressure Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) in the aorta from a recording of a pressure waveform at a single site. The method comprises the following steps: 1. measuring the patient's arterial pressure relative to time in order to estimate a central pressure waveform (CPW); 2. estimating the patient's aortic pressure pulse transit time (PPTT) from the CPW; 3. estimating the patient's carotid to femoral arterial distance from the patient's physical characteristics; and 4. dividing the patient's estimated carotid to femoral arterial distance by the patient's estimated PPTT to estimate the patient's PWV.